基于物联网技术的智慧渔业养殖平台设计

Design of Intelligent Fishery Farming Platform Based on Internet of Things (IoT) Technology

摘要: 针对海水养殖业中存在的成本高、中小规模养殖户成活率低等问题，提出了一种基于物联网技术的智慧渔业养殖平台设计。首先，采用RS485通信方式、PLC和工业物联网模块，实现了对海产养殖环境的实时监测和水质数据的远程操控，从而解决了养殖环境监测不及时、养殖成活率低的问题。其次，通过结合生态养殖技术构建闭环养殖系统，利用PLC控制海水循环流量、优化废水处理和设备运行，提高了养殖效率和水质管理水平，解决了废水处理不彻底、养殖废物处理不当、海水循环不精准等问题。最后，采用传感器数据支持的单向迁移差分进化算法和云计算，实现了对水质的远程监测和控制，配合软件APP和HIM触摸屏，实现了智能化的远程数据管理和人机交互，解决了中小规模养殖户无法实时获取养殖塘信息的问题。最终，本设计方案有效地解决了海水养殖业中成本高、成活率低、废水处理不彻底、废物处理不当、海水循环不精准等问题，提高了养殖效率和水质管理水平。

Abstract: A design of intelligent fishery farming platform based on Internet of Things technology is proposed to address the issues of high costs and low survival rates of small and medium-sized farmers in the marine aquaculture industry. Firstly, using RS485 communication method, PLC and industrial Internet of Things module, real-time monitoring of marine aquaculture environment and remote control of water quality data were achieved, thus solving the problems of untimely monitoring of aquaculture environment and low survival rate of aquaculture. Secondly, by combining ecological aquaculture technology to construct a closed-loop aquaculture system, using PLC to control seawater circulation flow, optimize wastewater treatment and equipment operation, the efficiency and water quality management level of aquaculture have been improved, and problems such as incomplete wastewater treatment, improper treatment of aquaculture waste, and inaccurate seawater circulation have been solved. Finally, the one-way migration differential evolution algorithm supported by sensor data and cloud computing was used to achieve remote monitoring and control of water quality. Coupled with software apps and HIM touch screens, intelligent remote data management and human-machine interaction were achieved, solving the problem of small and medium-sized farmers being unable to obtain real-time information about their breeding ponds. In the end, this design scheme effectively solves the problems of high cost, low survival rate, incomplete wastewater treatment, improper waste treatment, and inaccurate seawater circulation in the marine aquaculture industry, improving aquaculture efficiency and water quality management level.