进流畸变下涡流发生器对喷水推进器性能的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Vortex Generator on the Performance of Waterjet Propulsion under Inflow Distortion

摘要: 喷水推进器在高速航行时，进水管斜背侧流动分离，导致喷水推进器性能下降。在进水管入口前加装三角犁涡流发生器(MRVG)，抑制推进泵的进流畸变，提升喷水推进器效率。采用雷诺时均方程和SST k-ω湍流模型模拟喷水推进器内部流场，分析涡流发生器对喷水推进器整体性能和内流特性的影响规律。结果表明：在低进速比工况下，通过MRVG抑制流动进水管斜坡侧分离，喷泵进流的均匀度系数提升了33.14%，总压畸变指数下降了53.97%，喷水推进器的推力提升了3.59%，推进效率提升了3.35%。在高进速比工况未发生流动分离时，MRVG会增加船体阻力，可采用主动装置进行MRVG使用工况控制。

Abstract: During high-speed navigation, the flow separation occurs on the oblique back side of the water intake pipe of the waterjet propulsion, leading to a decline in its performance. The installation of a triangular plow vortex generator (MRVG) in front of the inlet of the water intake pipe can suppress the inflow distortion of the propulsion pump and enhance the efficiency of the waterjet propulsion. Using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and the SST k-ω turbulence model, the internal flow field of the waterjet propulsion was simulated to analyze the influence of the vortex generator on the overall performance and internal flow characteristics of the waterjet propulsion. The results show that under low advance ratio conditions, the MRVG suppresses flow separation on the slope side of the water intake pipe, increasing the uniformity coefficient of the inlet flow by 33.14% and reducing the total pressure distortion index by 23.87%. Consequently, the thrust of the waterjet propulsion increases by 3.6%, and the propulsive efficiency improves by 3.88%. However, under high advance ratio conditions where flow separation does not occur, the MRVG may increase hull resistance, necessitating the use of active devices to control the operating conditions of the MRVG.