城市失能老人医养结合长期照护模式研究

Study on the Combination of Medical Care and Nursing Care for the Disabled Elderly in Cities

摘要: 失能老人是老年人中的一类特殊群体，不仅需要基本的养老照护服务，同时也需要专业医护人员的介护帮助。为解决此类问题，我国通过设立失能老人医养结合长期照护模式，以解决失能老人养老难的社会问题。然而由于我国人口众多、失能老人比重不断上升，在这种社会环境下，失能老人对于照护的需求内容逐渐产生变化，对于照护内容要求种类繁多、专业化程度较高，导致该模式的供需出现失衡现象。论文以失能老人为研究对象，以医院、社区、机构、医院为研究主体，以新型资源整合为背景，构建和建立失能老人医养结合长期照护模式。论文以上海市为例，从上海市医养结合长期照护模式试点的实践经验出发，结合调查所在地的服务现状，对该模式进行评价，总结出影响该模式的各个因素，结合结构方程，对该模式的实施效果进行分析，随后将该模式视为一个系统工程模式，涵盖服务主体、对象、内容等系统工程要素，优化现阶段我国医养结合下的失能老人长期照护模式的一个长期可持续运行框架，进而满足失能老人多维度、多层次、多样性的长期照护需求。

Abstract: The disabled elderly are a special group of the elderly who not only need basic care services but also need the help of professional medical staff In order to solve this kind of problem, China has set up medical care for the disabled elderly to solve the social problem of the disabled elderly’s difficulty in providing for the aged However, due to the large population in China, the proportion of the disabled elderly is rising. In this society, the demand content of the disabled elderly for care is gradually changing, and the demand for care content is various and the degree of specialization is high, which leads to the imbalance between supply and demand This paper takes the disabled elderly as the research object, hospitals, community institutions and hospitals as the research subjects, and constructs and establishes the combined care of medical care for the disabled elderly under the background of new resource integration. Taking Shanghai as an example, this paper starts from the practice of the pilot project of combining medical care with nursing care in Shanghai, evaluates the project and summarizes the various factors affecting the project, combines structural equation to carry out the implementation effect of the project, and then regards the project as a system engineering, covering the elements of system engineering such as service subjects, objects and contents, etc., and optimizes an operational framework for the care of the disabled elderly under the combination of medical care and nursing care in China at present, so as to achieve multi-level and diversified care needs of the disabled elderly in China.