计算机与建造技术融合的智能建造探讨

Discussion on Intelligent Construction Based on the Integration of Computer and Construction Technology

摘要: 随着第四次工业革命的到来，传统建筑业正在经历一场深刻变革，智能建造成为发展的主流趋势。作为新兴领域，智能建造已受到广泛关注，但是其基础性研究尚未做出卓越成果，理论体系尚未完善，因此基础性理论性研究亟待开发。本文综述了国内外智能建造理论研究情况，在其急需突破的方面，研究了关于计算机技术与传统建造技术的融合。首先介绍了智能建造的概念内涵及理论研究现状，构建基于线上线下融合的智能建造系统；其次，在融合趋势方面，本文着重于线上线下融合的趋势，探究线上线下协同的资源配置发展，架构基于“云边端”的智慧工地云平台；再次，就智能建造中BIM技术的应用、绿色建筑与智能家居的推广两方面简述智能建造的发展方向；最后，从较传统建筑业减少了对人为决策的依赖、数字化全过程咨询两方面预测智能建造的前景。本文对智能建造作业过程完善化、精细化具有一定意义，例如：BIM技术在智能建造过程中的应用、智慧工地云平台的建设与应用。同时提出了一系列问题，如：当前智能建造相关人才短缺、安全性与可靠性尚未得到有力证实等问题。最终旨在推动智能建造技术向更高层次发展，展望该领域未来的研究趋势，激发研究动力、创新活力，发掘更多的研究方向，促进研究向多方位发展。最终激发更多研究与实践，推动智能建造走向成熟。

Abstract: With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, the traditional construction industry is undergoing a profound change, and intelligent construction has become the mainstream trend of development. As an emerging field, intelligent construction has attracted wide attention, but its basic research has not yet made outstanding achievements, and the theoretical system has not yet been perfected, so the basic theoretical research is in urgent need of development. This paper summarizes the theoretical research situation of intelligent construction at home and abroad, and studies the integration of computer technology and traditional construction technology in its urgent need of breakthrough. Firstly, the concept connotation and theoretical research status of intelligent construction are introduced, and an intelligent construction system based on online and offline integration is constructed. Secondly, in terms of the fusion trend, this paper focuses on the trend of online and offline integration, explores the development of online and offline collaborative resource allocation, and constructs a smart site cloud platform based on “cloud edge”. Thirdly, the development direction of intelligent construction is briefly described from the application of BIM technology in intelligent construction, the promotion of green building and smart home. Finally, the prospect of intelligent construction is predicted from the reduction of dependence on human decision-making and the digital whole process consultation in the traditional construction industry. This paper has a certain significance for the perfection and refinement of intelligent construction operation process, such as the application of BIM technology in the intelligent construction process, and the construction and application of smart site cloud platform. At the same time, a series of problems are proposed, such as the current shortage of talents related to intelligent construction, the safety and reliability have not been strongly confirmed and so on. Finally, it aims to promote the development of intelligent construction technology to a higher level, look forward to the future research trend of this field, stimulate the research motivation and innovation vitality, explore more research directions, and promote the research to a multi-dimensional development. Finally, it stimulates more research and practice, and promotes the maturity of intelligent construction.