基于雷诺平均法的典型结构风荷载特性研究

Study on Wind Load Characteristics of Typical Structure Based on Reynolds Average Method

摘要: 基于FLUENT软件平台，对典型结构的风荷载分布特性进行CFD数值研究。以国家大剧院为例，基于雷诺平均法中定常的RNG k-ε湍流模型，对建筑物在不同风向角下的风压分布进行数值模拟研究。并探讨周围建筑物对风场的影响，特别是人民大会堂的影响。研究结果表明：国家大剧院在不同的风向角下表现出不同的风压系数变化情况，迎风面产生正压，侧风面和顶面为负压，背风面风压系数较小；在0˚风向角时，大剧院表面的风压系数达到极值，且周围建筑对风压分布具有重要影响；由于人民大会堂的狭道效应和阻挡效应，大剧院表面风压呈非对称分布。数值模拟结果与风洞试验结果基本吻合，可满足工程要求。本研究可为此类典型结构的抗风设计提供依据和参考，具有重要应用价值。

Abstract: Based on FLUENT software, the wind load distribution characteristics of typical structure are numerically simulated by the means of computational fluid dynamics method (CFD). Taking the National Grand Theatre as an example, the steady RNG k-ε turbulence model in the Reynolds average method is used to simulate the wind field distribution on the surface of the building at different wind direction angles. The influence of surrounding buildings on the wind field, especially the influence of the Great Hall of the People, is also discussed. The results show that the National Grand Theatre exhibits variations in wind pressure coefficients under different wind direction angles. The windward side experiences positive pressure, while the leeward side and the top surface are subject to negative pressure, and the wind pressure coefficient on the leeward side is relatively small. The wind pressure coefficient on the surface of the National Grand Theatre reaches the extreme value at 0˚ wind direction angle, and the surrounding building has an important influence on the wind pressure distribution. Due to the channeling effect and blocking effect of the Great Hall of the People, the wind pressure distribution on the surface of the theatre shows asymmetric characteristics. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the wind tunnel test results, which can meet the engineering requirements. This study can provide the basis and reference for the wind-resistant design of such typical structures and has important application value.