社会排斥对社矫人员亲社会行为的影响：自尊的中介作用

The Effects of Social Exclusion on the Pro-Social Behavior of Social Workers: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem

摘要: 本研究旨在分析社矫人员亲社会行为的影响因素，帮助社矫人员更好的融入社会，为社矫工作提供心理学相关建议和方案。使用社会排斥体验量表、亲社会行为倾向量表和自尊量表，抽样选取司法所的160名社区矫正人员进行问卷收集。采用SPSS 23.0对数据进行描述性分析、相关性分析、独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析和回归分析，同时使用SPSS宏程序PROCESS 3.5对数据进行中介效应检验。调查结果显示：1) 社会排斥与亲社会行为和自尊均显著负相关(r = −0.35, p < 0.01)，亲社会行为与自尊呈显著正相关(r = 0.24, p < 0.01)；2) 自尊在社区矫正人员的城乡水平上差异显著(t = 2.22, p < 0.05)；3) 自尊在社会排斥与亲社会行为之间部分中介作用显著。研究表明社会排斥既可以直接负向预测社矫人员的亲社会行为，又可以通过自尊的部分中介作用间接影响亲社会行为。

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the influencing factors of pro-social behavior of social correctional personnel, to help social correctional personnel better integrate into society, and to provide psychology-related suggestions and programs for social correctional work. Using the Social Exclusion Experience Scale, the Pro-Social Behavior Tendency Scale and the Self-Esteem Scale, a sample of 160 community correctional officers from the Justice Institute were selected for questionnaire collection. SPSS 23.0 was used to conduct descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis, while mediation effect test was conducted on the data using SPSS macro program PROCESS 3.5. The findings showed that: 1) social exclusion was significantly negatively correlated with both pro-social behavior and self-esteem (r = −0.35, p < 0.01), and pro-social behavior was significantly positively correlated with self-esteem (r = 0.24, p < 0.01); 2) self-esteem differed significantly between urban and rural levels of community correctional officers (t = 2.22, p < 0.05); 3) self-esteem partially mediated significantly between social exclusion and pro-social behavior. The study suggests that social exclusion can both directly and negatively predict pro-social behavior of community corrections personnel and indirectly affect pro-social behavior through the partial mediating role of self-esteem.