老龄化背景下农村养老保障存在的问题——以河南省大流乡农村为例

Problems in Rural Old-Age Security in the Context of Aging—Taking the Rural Areas of Daliu Township in Henan Province as an Example

摘要: 目前人口老龄化已经是当前我国人口年龄结构的典型特征，从2021年河南省人口数据普查结果显示，2021年河南省全部的常住人口出现了总量下降、人口总抚养比率下降等各项状况。随着河南省一些农村的老龄化程度逐渐严重，因此如何解决人口老龄化、保障农村老年人的生活问题成为一个难题，保证农村乡村社会平安谐和具备非常重要的意义。本文以人口老龄化的定义和老龄化如何划分为切入点，一系列的开展对老龄化的现象进行研究，分析当前的人口老龄化以及老年人的真实需求为入口研究人口老龄化。根据以上的情况，本作者将从以下几个方面采取一些相对应的措施：一是积极发挥家庭养老功能的作用；二是扩大养老资金筹资渠道，提高养老保障水平；三是树立现代化养老保障制度，深化体制机制改革；四是大力发展社会化养老服务业发展，完善养老保障体系；五是促进人口长期均衡发展，完善人口政策。

Abstract: At present, the aging of the population is a typical feature of the age structure of the population in China. According to the results of the 2021 Henan Provincial Population Data Census, the total permanent population of Henan Province in 2021 has declined, and the total dependency ratio of the population has declined. With the gradual aging of some rural areas in Henan Province, how to solve the problem of population aging and ensure the life of the elderly in rural areas has become a difficult problem, and it is of great significance to ensure the peace and harmony of rural society. Based on the definition of population aging and how to divide it into aging as the starting point, this paper conducts a series of studies on the phenomenon of aging, analyzes the current population aging and the real needs of the elderly, and studies population aging as the starting point. According to the above situation, the author will take some corresponding measures from the following aspects: first, actively play the role of family pension function; second, expand the financing channels of old-age funds and improve the level of old-age security; third, establish a modern old-age security system and deepen the reform of the system and mechanism; fourth, vigorously develop the development of socialized old-age service industry and improve the old-age security system; fifth, promote the long-term balanced development of the population and improve the population policy.