基于激光跟踪仪最佳站位的飞机数字化自动测量

Aircraft Digital Automated Measurement Based on Laser Tracker Optimal Station

摘要: 在飞机数字化测量过程中，由于飞机尺寸大、结构复杂、水平测量点分散等特点，只使用单个测量站位很难完成全部测量任务，通常采用多个测量站位协同完成测量任务。每个测量站位下测量光路的可达性决定了测量任务实现的完整度，测量光路的可达性主要由测量仪器的有效测量范围和测量光路的遮挡共同约束。因此，需要合理规划测量站位，在满足约束条件的情况下，同时使有效测量范围最大化。首先，基于GJK碰撞检测算法解算测量光路和障碍物的明可夫斯基差，进行测量光路遮挡判定，并结合激光跟踪仪的有效测量范围综合分析测量光路的可达性。然后，以测量光路的可达性为主要目标，采用下一最佳观测方位搜寻较优测量站位替代无效测量站位；最后，引入改进混合灰狼算法实现最佳测量站位的高效搜索，完成激光跟踪仪的测量站位。

Abstract: During the process of aircraft digital measurement, due to the large size of the aircraft, complex structure, and dispersed horizontal measurement points, it is difficult to complete all measurement tasks using a single measurement station. Usually, multiple measurement stations are used to jointly complete the measurement tasks. The accessibility of the measuring light path under each measuring station determines the completeness of the measurement task implementation, which is mainly constrained by the effective measurement range of the measuring instrument and the occlusion of the measuring light path. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably plan the measurement stations to maximize the effective measurement range while satisfying the constraints. Firstly, based on the GJK collision detection algorithm, the Minkowski difference between the measuring light path and obstacles is calculated for the occlusion judgment of the measuring light path, and the accessibility of the measuring light path is comprehensively analyzed in combination with the effective measurement range of the laser tracker. Then, with the accessibility of the measuring light path as the main goal, the next best view is used to search for better measurement stations to replace invalid ones; finally, the improved hybrid grey wolf algorithm is introduced to efficiently search for the optimal measurement station, completing the measurement station of the laser tracker.