论观测数据及其准确性之重要性

Study on the Importance of the Observatioanl Data and Their Accuracies

摘要: 本文较全面地分析了地球上位于三极、低纬度、中纬度地区5个典型区域站点太阳总辐射测量数据及其经验模型计算结果(包括各种误差)。研究发现，太阳辐射测量和计算结果的数据质量在5个站点存在差别，其中以南极地区Dome C站测量和计算结果的数据质量最好。进而讨论了产生这些差异的主要因素，提出了关于太阳辐射日常测量、仪器维护以及经验模型建立等方面的一些建议，以便获得可靠、准确、高质量的太阳辐射数据及其计算模型。进一步，本文开展了扩展研究，简要分析了生物挥发性有机物(BVOCs)排放、碳平衡(包括初级生产力GPP、呼吸Re、净生态系统生产力NEP)的测量数据和经验模型的计算结果，获得类似结论，即测量数据的质量是科学研究中的重要基础，高质量的测量数据在模型建立、检验、评价等方面发挥着重要作用。

Abstract: This study thoroughly analyzed observational data and their calculations (including various biases) of global solar radiation using its empirical model at five typical stations in the three polar, low and middle latitude regions on the Earth. It was found that the data qualities of the observational data and their calculations of global solar radiation were different, and the Dome C station had the highest quality among all stations. Then, the key factors influencing the observational data and their calculations were discussed. Some suggestions on routine measurement of solar radiation and the development of empirical model of solar radiation were proposed, so as to obtain accurate, reliable and high quality of solar radiation data as well as the empirical model of global solar radiation. Furthermore, this study also analyzed observational data and their simulation results using empirical model of the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and carbon balance (including gross primary production GPP, respiration Re and net ecosystem productivity NEP) at a typical forest in China, and the similar conclusions were obtained, that is the observational data are an important basis for the scientific research, and the high quality observational data play vital roles in the development, validation and evaluation of models.