数据知识产权保护制度的完善——基于数据流动的价值需要

Improvement of the Data Intellectual Property Protection System—Based on the Practical Needs of Data Flow

摘要: 从国家数字经济的发展战略和数据持有者的利益诉求来看，构建数据财产权益制度是未来必然。然而现有知识产权保护制度和商业秘密保护制度面对数据产业的蓬勃发展，均具有一定不足。其原因在于知识产权设立初始并未预想到互联网时代的数据这一重要生产要素。数据需要不断产生与流动才能创造最大价值。因此需要将数据产权作为一种新型智力成果纳入知识产权制度的保护之中，明确数据产权客体、主体，明确抓取、加工、经营数据合法合规方式。涉及国家安全、公共利益的数据，应当在市场流通中严格受限，除此之外的其他数据则以制度合力促进数据在市场上充分流通，最大化数据这一生产要素的核心价值，不断推动法律制度适应新的现实需要。

Abstract: From the perspective of the development strategy of the national digital economy and the interest demands of data holders, the construction of a data property rights and interests system is inevitable in the future. However, the existing intellectual property protection system and trade secret protection system have certain shortcomings in the face of the vigorous development of the data industry. The reason for this is that the establishment of intellectual property rights did not initially anticipate data as an important factor of production in the Internet age. Data needs to be continuously generated and flowed in order to create maximum value. Therefore, it is necessary to include data property rights as a new type of intellectual achievement in the protection of the intellectual property system, clarify the object and subject of data property rights, and clarify the legal and compliant methods of capturing, processing and operating data. Data related to national security and public interest shall be strictly restricted in market circulation, and other data shall be promoted through institutional efforts to promote the full circulation of data in the market, maximize the core value of data as a factor of production, and continuously promote the adaptation of the legal system to the needs of new realities.