正念注意知觉对心理健康的影响机制——基于心理弹性和工作压力的中介调节模型

The Influence Mechanism of Psychological Mindful Attention Awareness on Mental Health—A Mediated Moderation Model Based on Resilience and Work Stress

摘要: 本研究探究了铁路系统青年员工心理健康的影响因素和机制。通过线上问卷调研的方式，收集1886个青年铁路员工的心理健康(包括心理症状、自杀意念)、正念注意觉知、心理弹性、工作压力四个方面的数据，并建立结构方程模型探究变量间的关系及对心理健康的影响路径。结果显示，1) 正念负向预测个体心理症状和自杀意念；2) 心理弹性负向预测个体心理症状和自杀意念；3) 工作压力负向预测个体心理症状和自杀意念水平；4) 心理弹性部分中介个体正念水平对个体心理症状和自杀意念水平的影响关系；5) 心理弹性和工作压力在对个体心理健康的影响上存在正向交互作用，具体而言，高工作压力的情况下心理弹性对心理症状和自杀意念的负向影响更为显著。

Abstract: This study explored the influencing factors and mechanisms of mental health among young employees in the railway system. Through an online questionnaire survey, data on mental health (including psychological symptoms, suicidal intention), mindful attention awareness, resilience, and work stress were collected from 1,886 young railway employees. A structural equation model was established to investigate the relationships between the variables and the pathways influencing mental health. The results indicated that: 1) Mindfulness negatively predicted individual psychological symptoms and suicidal intention; 2) Psychological resilience negatively predicted individual psychological symptoms and suicidal intention; 3) Work stress negatively predicted individual psychological symptoms and suicidal intention; 4) Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between an individual’s mindfulness and psychological symptoms and suicidal intention; 5) Work stress played a moderating role on the relationship between psychological resilience and individual mental health. Specifically, under the condition of high work stress, the negative impact of psychological resilience on psychological symptoms and suicidal intention was more significant.