井工矿的碳排放核算研究

Study on Carbon Emission Accounting of Mine

摘要: 中央经济工作会议强调，要积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和，加快推进生态文明建设和绿色低碳发展。我国能源结构以煤炭为主，煤炭开采带来的碳排放是造成我国采矿业碳排放的主要因素之一，且化石能源的消耗在未来较长一段时间内，都将成为我国二氧化碳排放的主要来源，实现碳达峰、碳中和有助于推进我国的绿色低碳循环发展。理清煤炭开采过程中的碳排放来源，是推动碳达峰、碳中和的前提和基础。本文通过查阅国内外文献总结出井工矿碳排放核算的流程，确定井工矿碳排放计算的碳排放边界，根据《IPCC国家温室气体清单编制指南》确定了井工矿生产流程中的排放源，并对井工矿煤炭开采过程及矿区居民生活中的碳足迹进行分析，基于排放因子法建立井工矿的碳排放核算基本模型，并考虑降尘用水消耗，煤层氧化和土地用途改变带来的碳排放等完善碳排放核算模型，使煤炭开采流程所产生的碳排放量具体化，有助于煤炭开采过程减排措施的提出，对井工矿的低碳发展提供一定的指导意义。

Abstract: The Central Economic Work Conference stressed that it is necessary to actively and steadily promote carbon peak carbon neutrality, and accelerate the construction of ecological civilization and green and low-carbon development. China’s energy structure is dominated by coal, and carbon emissions caused by coal mining are one of the main factors causing carbon emissions in China’s mining industry, and the consumption of fossil energy will become the main source of carbon dioxide emissions in the future for a long period of time, to achieve carbon peak, carbon neutrality will help promote China’s green low-carbon cycle development. Clarifying the sources of carbon emissions in the process of coal mining is the premise and basis for promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality. This paper summarizes the process of carbon emission accounting for mining and mining by consulting domestic and foreign literature, determines the carbon emission boundary of carbon emission calculation for mining and mining, and determines the emission sources in the production process of mining and mining according to the IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Preparation Guide. In addition, the carbon footprint in the coal mining process and the life of mining residents was analyzed, and the basic carbon emission accounting model was established based on the emission factor method. The carbon emission accounting model was improved considering the carbon emission caused by water consumption, coal seam oxidation and land use change, etc., so as to concretify the carbon emission generated by the coal mining process. It is helpful to put forward the emission reduction measures in the coal mining process and provide certain guiding significance for the low-carbon development of mining industry.