社区老年高血压患者电子健康素养现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of E-Health Literacy among Elderly Hypertensive Patients in the Community

摘要: 目的：调查社区老年高血压患者电子健康素养现状并分析其影响因素。方法：采用随机数字表法于2023年10月~2024年3月选取贵阳市主城区2个社区卫生服务中心中符合纳入标准的老年高血压患者为调查对象，应用一般资料问卷、电子健康素养量表(eHEALS)对其进行问卷调查，并对数据进行分析。结果：研究最终获得有效问卷280份。社区老年高血压患者电子健康素养量表总分为(20.83 ± 6.62)分。单因素方差显示，不同性别、年龄、与子女居住情况、文化程度、家庭月收入、职业、上网频率、互联网使用年限、网络健康信息搜寻经历及获取互联网健康信息渠道的社区老年高血压患者电子健康素养得分差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示，年龄、文化程度、互联网使用年限、网络健康信息搜寻经历和获取互联网健康信息渠道是老社区老年高血压患者电子健康素养的影响因素(β = 0.016、0.04、0.003、0.034，均P < 0.05)，可解释电子健康素养总变异的73.7%。结论：社区老年高血压患者电子健康素养受多方面因素影响，目前处于较低水平。社区卫生服务工作者应重视社区老年高血压患者电子健康素养水平的提升，积极开展有针对性的干预措施提高患者电子健康素养水平，从而提升其生存质量。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status of e-health literacy among community-dwelling elderly hypertensive patients and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: From October 2023 to March 2024, elderly hypertensive patients meeting the inclusion criteria in 2 community health service centers in the main urban area of Guiyang City were selected as the investigation objects by random number table method. General data questionnaire and Chinese Electronic Health Literacy Scale (eHEALS) were used to conduct a questionnaire survey, and the data were analyzed. Results: 280 valid questionnaires were obtained. The total score of electronic health literacy scale for elderly hypertension patients in community was (20.83 ± 6.62). Univariate variance showed that there were statistically significant differences in e-health literacy scores of elderly hypertension patients in communities with different gender, age, living conditions with children, educational level, monthly family income, occupation, Internet frequency, Internet use years, Internet health information search experience and access to Internet health information channels (all P < 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, educational level, Internet service years, Internet health information search experience and access to Internet health information channels were the influential factors of e-health literacy of elderly hypertension patients in old communities (β = 0.016, 0.04, 0.003, 0.034, all P < 0.05). It explained 73.7% of the total variation in e-health literacy. Conclusion: The e-health literacy of elderly hypertension patients in community is affected by many factors and is at a low level at present. Community health service workers should pay attention to the improvement of e-health literacy level of elderly hypertension patients in the community, and actively carry out targeted intervention measures to improve the e-health literacy level of patients, so as to improve their quality of life.