论关汉卿《窦娥冤》中的鬼魂戏

On the Ghost Drama in Guan Hanqing’s Dou E Yuan

摘要: 在元人钟嗣成的《录鬼簿》中有“为一时之冠”之称的关汉卿，无疑是元代戏剧艺术领域的一颗璀璨巨星，其扛鼎之作《感天动地窦娥冤》成功塑造了“动地惊天”“感天动地”的窦娥形象。剧中精心编排的鬼魂情节，不仅深化了人物形象，而且推动故事情节走向高潮。本文以《窦娥冤》鬼魂戏为研究对象，首先详述其剧情脉络，继而深入剖析窦娥作为冤魂的角色特质：既是蒙受冤屈后的觉醒者，又是反抗邪恶势力的斗争者。探究虚幻的鬼魂戏所传达出的真实的主题思想及独特的叙事结构，进一步深挖其文化意蕴。

Abstract: Guan Hanqing, known as “the crown of the moment” in Zhong Sicheng’s The Record of Ghost Book of the Yuan Dynasty, is undoubtedly a bright star in the field of drama art in the Yuan Dynasty. His masterpiece Sense of Heaven and Earth Dou E successfully shaped the image of Dou E, which is “world-shaking” and “Sense of Heaven and Earth”. The elaborate ghost plot in the play not only deepens the character image, but also promotes the plot to a climax. This paper takes the ghost drama of Dou E Yuan as the research object. Firstly, it elaborates on its plot context, and then deeply analyzes the role characteristics of Dou E as the ghost. She is not only an awakened person after suffering grievances, but also a fighter against evil forces. This paper explores the real theme and unique narrative structure conveyed by the illusory ghost drama, and further explores its cultural implication.