识解理论视域下《前赤壁赋》英译本对比研究

A Comparative Study of English Translations of First Visit to the Red Cliff from the Perspective of Construal Theory

摘要: 唐宋散文是中国古典文学中重要的文学体裁，但其英译研究尚未得到足够重视。研究借助识解理论，从认知识解的视角对比分析苏轼散文《前赤壁赋》的罗经国译本和杨宪益、戴乃迭译本，从词汇、句子、语篇三个层面对比分析译文，探究译者对原文的识解解构与对译文的建构过程，并分析其翻译策略与原因。研究发现：1) 罗译本详略度高，视角贴近原文，突显观与原文相似，但译文略显繁琐。2) 杨、戴译本更突显原文作为散文、赋文体的文学属性，多使用灵活简洁的句子写景传情，侧重“达意”，放弃了部分知识背景的解读。唐宋散文融合写景、抒情、寓理于一体，这一特点使得其翻译难度大、译者主体性发挥空间大。从认知识解的视角研究能够有效了解译者在翻译过程中的行为，进而为后续唐宋散文的翻译研究与实践提供借鉴。

Abstract: The prose of Tang and Song dynasty plays an important role in Chinese classical literature, but its English translation has not been fully studied. Based on the Construal Theory, a comparative analysis of the two translations of Su Shi’s prose First Visit to the Red Cliffis conducted from a cognitive perspective. The analysis is conducted from lexical, syntactic and discourse levels to unveil the deconstruction process of the original prose and the construction process of the translation text. Translation strategies are analyzed as well. The study shows that: 1) the Translation of Luo Jingguo shows a higher degree of specificity, an author-oriented perspective and the prominence is close to the original text. But the translation is a little bit verbose; 2) the translation of Yang and Dai makes the literary attributes of the original text as prose and Fu style prominent. More flexible and concise sentences are used to illustrate scenery and emotions, but part of the background knowledge is abandoned for a better effect. The prose of the Tang and Song dynasties involves the description of scenery, the expression of emotions and the clarification of reasons, which makes it challenging to translate and allows for considerable subjectivity on the part of the translator. The study from the perspective of cognitive interpretation can effectively understand the translator’s behavior in the translation process, and then provide a reference for the subsequent translation research and practice of Tang and Song prose.