外向型汉语词典词语义项概率分布研究

Research on the Probability Distribution of Word Semantic Terms in Export-Oriented Chinese Dictionaries

摘要: 内向型词典义项的编排是根据词义出现时间的先后安排顺序的，并没有考虑义项使用的频率，有些外向型汉语词典义项的排列基本上参考了内向型词典，这不利于二语学习者学习汉语词汇。因此，本文依据BCC语料库，对《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》中初等和中等词汇的语义概率进行了统计，在此基础上考察《汉语教与学词典》词义排列顺序，对排序不合理的词语提出排序建议，使词典达到“易查、易懂、易学”的目标，以期为国际中文教育和汉语词汇教学提供参考。

Abstract: The arrangement of the semantic items in the introverted dictionary is arranged according to the order of the time when the meaning appears, and the frequency of the use of the semantic items is not considered, and the arrangement of the semantic items in some extroverted Chinese dictionaries basically refers to the introverted dictionary, which is not conducive to the learning of Chinese vocabulary by second language learners. Therefore, based on the BCC corpus, this paper counts the semantic probabilities of elementary and intermediate words in the International Chinese Education Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards, and on this basis, the semantic order of the words in the Chinese Teaching and Learning Dictionary is investigated, and the sorting suggestions are put forward for the unreasonable words, so that the dictionary can achieve the goal of “easy to check, easy to understand, and easy to learn”, in order to provide reference for international Chinese education and Chinese vocabulary teaching.