从“AI听声识剧”案看信息网络传播权侵权行为的认定

Identification of Infringement on the Right to Information Network Dissemination: A Perspective from the “AI Listening to Clips to Identify Dramas” Case

摘要: 信息网络传播权侵权行为的基本行为模式以交互式传播为要素，以未经权利人许可为前提，可分为直接侵权行为和间接侵权行为两类。智能时代网络技术发展日新月异，网络信息网络传播权新型侵权纠纷也随之涌现。“AI听声识剧”案即是其中典型案例之一。“AI听声识剧”功能相关行为不能适用我国现行著作权法律体系中的合理使用条款，属于网络信息网络传播权侵权行为。为更好地解决技术发展新形势下信息网络传播权侵权行为认定问题，我国应完善立法，出台司法解释阐明“提供行为”的内涵及外延，并将四要素判定法作为合理使用的一般条款融入著作权合理使用制度中，从而维护网络环境下权利人和使用人之间的利益平衡。

Abstract: The fundamental behavior pattern of infringement of the right to communicate information over networks involves interactive transmission as a key element, and is based on the premise of unauthorized use by the rights holder. This can be categorized into direct infringement and indirect infringement. In the era of smart networks, rapid advancements in network technology have led to emerging new types of disputes related to infringements of the right to communicate information over networks. The “AI Listening to Clips to Identify Dramas” case serves as a typical example. The behaviors associated with the “AI Listening to Clips to Identify Dramas” function do not fall within the scope of fair use provisions in China’s current copyright legal framework, thus constituting an infringement of the right to communicate information over networks. To address issues concerning identification of infringement under new technological developments, China should enhance its legislation and issue judicial interpretations clarifying the connotation and scope of “providing behavior”. Furthermore, it should integrate a “Four elements” determination method as a general provision for fair use into the copyright fair use system, thereby maintaining a balance between rights holders and users in network environments.