共同富裕背景下欠发达地区幼儿教师专业发展问题及对策研究——以宁夏固原为例

Research on Professional Development Problems and Countermeasures of Early Childhood Teachers in Underdeveloped Areas under the Background of Common Wealth—Taking Ningxia Guyuan as an Example

摘要: 在“共同富裕”背景下，教育作为推动社会进步和个体发展的关键，承担着至关重要的角色。学前教育是基础教育的重要组成部分，在经济欠发达地区，优质学前教育资源需求与优质学前教育资源匮乏之间的矛盾日益突出，优质学前教育师资匮乏已成为制约学前教育发展因素之一。本研究运用实地调查、个别访谈等方法，对我国西部经济欠发达地区的宁夏回族自治区固原市幼儿教育调研发现：幼儿教师教学任务重、专业合格率较低、流动性强的问题突出。究其原因主要是政府投入不足，教师工资偏低，福利待遇较差，造成幼教职业情感认同较低；入职门槛低，学历层次低，且教育交流机会少，幼儿教师专业发展水平低。

Abstract: In the context of “common wealth”, education plays a crucial role as the key to promoting social progress and individual development. Pre-school education is an important part of basic education. In economically underdeveloped areas, the contradiction between people’s demand for high-quality pre-school education resources and the shortage of high-quality pre-school education resources is becoming more and more prominent, and the shortage of high-quality kindergarten teachers has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of pre-school education. Using field surveys, individual interviews and other methods, this study of early childhood education in Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, an economically underdeveloped region in the west of China, found that: early childhood teachers have a heavy teaching load, a low professional qualification rate and a high degree of mobility are prominent problems. The reasons for this are mainly insufficient government investment, low teacher salaries and poor welfare benefits, resulting in a low emotional identity of the ECE profession; low entry threshold, low level of qualifications and few opportunities for educational exchanges, and a low level of professional development for ECE teachers.