卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断方法的研究进展

Research Progress on Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Ovarian Tumors

摘要: 卵巢肿瘤是妇科常见的肿瘤之一，其良恶性的准确鉴别对于治疗方案的选择和预后评估至关重要。然而，由于卵巢特殊的解剖位置和结构，卵巢恶性肿瘤早期通常不易被觉察，导致卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断难度增大，约70%~80%的患者确诊时已是中晚期，治疗效果欠佳。现临床上卵巢肿瘤的良恶性鉴别主要依赖于术中和术后组织学检查，但其侵入性操作的缺陷导致其在临床应用时存在一定缺陷，因此寻求一种能够术前准确鉴别诊断卵巢良恶性肿瘤的方法对于治疗和预后至关重要。本文将就目前临床上常用的卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断方法如超声、影像学检查、血清标志物等进行总结。

Abstract: Ovarian tumor is one of the most common gynecological diseases, the accurate differentiation of benign and malignant tumors is very important for the choice of treatment and prognosis evaluation. However, due to the special anatomical location and structure of the ovary, ovarian malignant tumors are usually difficult to detect in the early stage, which makes the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors more difficult. About 70%~80% of the patients are diagnosed in the middle and late stage, and the effect of pre-treatment is poor. At present, the clinical differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors mainly depends on intraoperative and postoperative histological examination, but the defect of invasive operation leads to some limitations in clinical application. Therefore, it is very important for treatment and prognosis to find a method to accurately distinguish benign from malignant ovarian tumors before operation. This article will summarize the commonly used methods to distinguish benign and malignant ovarian tumors, such as ultrasound, imaging examination, serum markers and so on.