用人单位责任扩张适用探析

Analysis on the Application of Employer’s Responsibility Expansion

摘要: 根据《民法典》第1191条的规定，用人单位责任适用于以下案型，即在劳动力提供者与用人单位建立劳动关系的情形下，当劳动力提供者的工作行为造成第三人损害时，由用人单位直接承担侵权责任。但是，当劳动力提供者与单位建立劳务关系或其它关系时，因工作原因致人损害的，应当由谁承担侵权责任，法律未作明确规定，司法实践中也有不同的做法。为统一司法裁判标准，进一步促进司法公正，有必要对用人单位责任适用范围予以扩张。因此，本文以用人单位责任的扩张适用为研究对象，分析司法实践中用人单位责任适用存在的问题，并针对性地提出相应的扩张适用建议。

Abstract: According to Article 1191 of the Civil Code, the liability of the employer applies to the following cases, that is, in the case of the establishment of labor relations between the labor provider and the employer, when the labor provider’s work behavior causes damage to the third party, the employer shall directly bear the tort liability. However, when the labor provider establishes a labor relationship or other relationship with the unit, who should bear the tort liability for damage caused by work reasons is not clearly stipulated in the law, and there are different approaches in judicial practice. In order to unify the judicial standards and further promote judicial justice, it is necessary to expand the scope of application of the employer’s liability. Therefore, this paper takes the extended application of employer liability as the research object, analyzes the problems existing in the application of employer liability in judicial practice, and puts forward corresponding suggestions on the extended application.