失能老人主要照顾者参与家庭嵌入式干预体验的质性研究

Qualitative Study on the Participation Experiences in Family Embedded Interventions for Primary Caregivers of Disabled Elderly

摘要: 目的：探讨失能老人主要照顾者参与家庭嵌入式干预的体验，为医护人员开展相关工作提供参考。方法：采用目的抽样法，于2023年11月选取在贵阳市某社区参与家庭嵌入式干预后的11名失能老人主要照顾者作为研究对象，进行半结构访谈，采用现象学研究中的Colaizzi 7步分析法分析资料。结果：共提炼出3个主题及8个亚主题：超越自我(照护知识与技能水平的提高、自我认同感的提升、自身优势的激发)、多渠道利用社会资源(家庭支持、同伴支持、社区支持)、未满足的需求(照护知识的多样化、干预内容传播形式的多样化)。结论：失能老人主要照顾者在参与家庭嵌入式干预的过程中实现了自我超越，加强了社会资源的整合利用，未来还需不断优化家庭嵌入式干预方案，以促进干预方案的可持续性应用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the experiences of primary caregivers of disabled elderly participating in family embedded interventions, providing reference for medical staff to carry out related work. Methods: With the method of objective sampling, 11 primary caregivers of disabled elderly who participated in family embedded interventions in a community of Guiyang City in November 2023 were selected as the research subjects for semi-structured interviews. And the data were analyzed with Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis method in phenomenological research. Results: 3 themes and 8 sub themes were extracted: surpassing oneself (improvement of caregiving knowledge and skills, enhancement of self-identity, and stimulation of personal strengths), utilizing social resources through multiple channels (family support, peer support, community support), and unmet needs (diversification of caregiving knowledge and diverse forms of intervention content dissemination). Conclusion: The primary caregivers of disabled elderly have achieved self transcendence and strengthened the integration and utilization of social resources in the process of participating in family embedded interventions. In the future, it is necessary to continuously optimize family embedded intervention plans to promote the sustainable application of intervention plans.