剧本杀的可著作权问题研究

Research on Copyright Issues of Live Action Role Playing

摘要: 近年来，剧本杀以其沉浸式的精妙体验、新奇独特的玩法和强烈的社交属性快速吸引了一众消费者，成为了线下实景游戏的新宠，但其背后的著作权侵权危机却不容忽视。剧本杀是创作者呕心沥血精心创作的产物，不仅凝结了创作者的心血，也蕴含着巨大的经济价值。其著作权侵权行为会打击剧本创作者的创作积极性，阻碍剧本杀行业创新，既不利于文化市场的繁荣，也不利于社会经济的发展。只有对剧本杀的著作权进行有效保护，才能促进剧本杀娱乐产业的健康发展，从而创造更好的社会效益。当下，保护剧本杀著作权的困难主要在于剧本杀是否构成作品，是否有明确清晰的权属，以及应以何种思路进行保护。对此，文章首先通过作品法定构成要件来确定剧本杀构成作品，再从整体和部分两个角度分别确定剧本杀作品的权属，最后在比较多种保护思路后，主张通过兜底条款来保护类似作品，以期更好保护剧本杀等新类型作品著作权。

Abstract: In recent years, Live Action Role Playing has quickly attracted a large number of consumers with its immersive and exquisite experience, novel and unique gameplay, and strong social attributes, becoming a new favorite of offline real-life games. However, the copyright infringement crisis behind it cannot be ignored. LARP is a product of meticulous creation by creators, which not only embodies their hard work but also contains enormous economic value. Their copyright infringement behavior will undermine the creative enthusiasm of LARP creators, hinder innovation in the LARP industry, and is not conducive to the prosperity of the cultural market and the development of the social economy. Only by effectively protecting the copyright of LARP can we promote the healthy development of the entertainment industry and create better social benefits. At present, the difficulty in protecting the copyright of LARP is mainly in whether a murder mystery constitutes a work, whether there is a clear ownership, and what approach should be taken for protection. In this regard, the article first determines the composition of a LARP work through the legal elements of the work and then determines the ownership of the LARP work from both the overall and partial perspectives. Finally, after comparing various protection ideas, it advocates the use of a fallback clause to protect similar works, in order to better protect the copyright of new types of works such as LARP.