网络游戏直播的著作权法律保护研究

Research on Copyright Legal Protection of Online Game Live Streaming

摘要: 随着互联网科技、文娱产业的快速发展，网络游戏直播行业有着举足轻重的地位，但与其相关联的法律法规仍不健全甚至存在空白，使得网络游戏直播的著作权保护存在很大问题。本文通过案例分析法、规范分析法、对比分析法以及对著作权法律规范、基本理论、个别经典案例的分析等方法，对网络游戏直播是否属于著作权意义上的作品、网络游戏直播的著作权权利归属、是否适用合理使用以及网游直播行业规范等现状进行分析，得出如今网络游戏直播存在作品属性不清晰、权利归属不明确、合理使用司法实践标准不统一、行业监管不到位的现实困境。本文通过探寻一条围绕立法、司法、执法、守法四方面的著作权保护体系路径：在立法上，明确不同网络游戏直播方式的可版权性并对著作权进行权利分配；在司法上，分别分析网游直播画面使用原作品的目的、程度、影响三层面进而统一合理使用的司法实践标准；在执法上，建立行业协会以及完善政府职能部门的监管从而构建好行业监督体系；在守法上，对从业人员进行法律知识培训以及维权观念普及以此增强从业人员的守法意识，以此来助力网络游戏直播行业有序、健康、可持续的发展。

Abstract: With the development of Internet technology and the entertainment industry, the online game live streaming industry plays a pivotal role. However, the laws and regulations associated with it are still unsound and even have gaps, making the copyright protection of online game live streaming a big problem. This article analyzes whether online game live streaming constitutes a work under copyright meaning, the ownership of copyright for online game live streaming, the applicability of fair use, and the current status of norms in the live streaming industry. It uses case analysis, norm analysis, comparative analysis, and analysis of copyright law norms, basic theories, and individual classic cases. It concludes that the current situation in online game live streaming involves unclear attributes of the work, unclear ownership of rights, a lack of unified standards for judicial practice of fair use, and inadequate industry regulation. This article explores a pathway for a copyright protection system that revolves around legislation, judiciary, law enforcement, and compliance: Legislatively, it clarifies the copyrightability of different online game live streaming methods and allocates rights accordingly. Judicially, it analyzes the purpose, extent, and impact of the live stream’s use of the original work, thereby unifying the standards for judicial practice of fair use. In terms of law enforcement, it establishes industry associations and improves the regulatory functions of government departments to build a good industry supervision system. For compliance, it trains practitioners in legal knowledge and rights protection awareness to enhance their compliance consciousness, thereby helping the online game live streaming industry to develop in an orderly, healthy, and sustainable manner.