行政诉讼附带审查的后续处理问题

Follow-Up on Collateral Review of Administrative Proceedings

摘要: 我国对行政规范性文件的附带审查制度确定后，在实践中尚存在提起难、处理难等问题，对被认定违法的规范性文件后续处理是附带审查制度的“最后一公里”。通过对实践中案例的分析，可以看出目前我国附带审查后续处理难主要原因有：我国法治背景下司法权与行政权特殊关系、各个法院审判标准不一、司法建议的监督功能被架空。针对现有问题，结合域外经验，要完善我国的附带审查后续处理措施，需要以司法建议为核心，加之配套措施，构建起完善的附带审查后续处理框架。具体的完善路径包括：建立司法建议的公开机制、完善司法建议的形式、加强法官的职业保障、建立附带审查数据库、建立制定机关责任追究制度。规范性文件被认定为违法后处理措施的完善，有利于我国附带审查制度的完善与健全。

Abstract: China’s administrative normative documents of the incidental review system, in practice, there are still difficult to raise, difficult to deal with the problem of the normative documents found to be in violation of the follow-up is the incidental review of the system of the “last kilometer”. Through the analysis of cases in practice, it can be seen that the main reasons for the difficulties in the follow-up of collateral review in China are: the special relationship between judicial power and administrative power under the background of the rule of law in our country, the trial standards of each court are not the same, and the supervisory function of the judicial recommendation has been hollowed out. In view of the existing problems, combined with extraterritorial experience, in order to improve our country’s collateral review follow-up measures, need to take the judicial advice as the core, plus supporting measures, to build a perfect collateral review follow-up framework. Specific improvement path includes: the establishment of the public mechanism of judicial recommendations, improve the form of judicial recommendations, strengthen the professional security of judges, the establishment of collateral review database, the establishment of the enacting authority accountability system. The improvement of measures to deal with normative documents after they have been found to be in violation of the law is conducive to the improvement and soundness of China’s collateral review system.