湖北利川耕地土壤有效硼含量及分布特征

Effective Boron Content and Distribution Characteristics of Cultivated Soil in Lichuan, Hubei Province

摘要: 采集、检测、统计并分析了湖北省利川市耕地土样的有效硼含量。结果表明，有效硼点位均值0.345 ± 0.218 mg/kg，含量较低，变幅0.057~2.208 mg/kg，变异系数63.32%，中等变异；80%以上低于临界值，应全面加强硼肥的推广应用。空间分布差异较明显，中部相对较高，城区正南的毛坝、正北部的柏杨坝及齐跃山脉以西的建南、谋道较低，建南、毛坝的所有点位，南坪、柏杨坝、谋道90%的点位低于临界值。水旱不同利用类型和海拔差异对耕地有效硼影响较小，水田略高于旱地，高山 > 低山 > 二高山。不同母岩母质发育的土类有一定差异，河流冲积物 > 第四纪黏土 > 碳酸盐岩 > 泥质砂页岩 > 紫色页岩 > 石英砂岩；潮土 > 黄棕壤 > 黄壤 > 棕壤 > 石灰土 > 紫色土。土壤酸碱性及有机质含量是影响耕地有效硼的主要因素，相关性分析表明，利川耕地有效硼与土壤有机质及pH呈极显著正相关。

Abstract: The effective boron content of cultivated land soil samples in Lichuan City, Hubei Province was collected, detected, statistically analyzed, and analyzed. The results showed that the average effective boron concentration was 0.345 ± 0.218 mg/kg, with a low content and a range of 0.057~2.208 mg/kg. The coefficient of variation was 63.32%, indicating moderate variation; More than 80% are below the critical value, and the promotion and application of boron fertilizer should be comprehensively strengthened. There are significant differences in spatial distribution, with the central part being relatively high. Maoba in the south of the urban area, Baiyangba in the north, and Jiannan and Moudao to the west of the Qiyue Mountains are relatively low. Among all the points in Jiannan and Maoba, 90% of the points in Nanping, Baiyangba, and Moudao are below the critical value. The different utilization types and altitude differences of water and drought have a relatively small impact on the effective boron of cultivated land, with paddy fields slightly higher than dry lands, with high mountains > low mountains > two high mountains. There are certain differences in the soil types developed by different parent rocks, with river alluvial deposits > Quaternary clay > carbonate rocks > muddy sand shale > purple shale > quartz sandstone; Chao soil > yellow brown soil > yellow soil > brown soil > lime soil > purple soil. Soil acidity, alkalinity, and organic matter content are the main factors affecting available boron in cultivated land. Correlation analysis shows that available boron in Lichuan cultivated land is highly significantly positively correlated with soil organic matter and pH.