基于区域自动站的水城局地暴雨分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Local Rainstorm in Shuicheng Based on Regional Automatic Stations

摘要: 利用水城区2019~2023年35个区域站逐日降水量资料，对水城区乡镇暴雨特征进行统计分析。结果表明：近5a来，水城区总降水量总体表现为东部大于西部、北部大于南部；暴雨日的多少基本与总降水量大小的落区一致，且与降水总量的大小关系密切；水城区乡镇暴雨日主要集中在6~9月，以6月暴雨日为最多，其次是7月，6、7月总暴雨日数占全年的60%以上；水城区一次仅有1个站点达到暴雨的暴雨过程共有25次，一次同时出现2~3个站点达到暴雨的暴雨过程共有33次，1~3个站点达到暴雨占总暴雨站次的50%，同时出现29~32个站点达到暴雨的暴雨过程各有1次，因此，水城区的暴雨具有局地性特征，出现大范围暴雨的概率小；水城区对流系统在傍晚到凌晨均为活跃时段，凌晨对流系统产生的降水频次更多，降水量也更多。

Abstract: Based on the daily rainfall data of 35 regional stations in Shuicheng district from 2019 to 2023, the characteristics of rainstorm in towns and villages in Shuicheng District were analyzed. The results show: the total precipitation in Shuicheng district is larger in the east than in the west, and larger in the north than in the south; The number of rainstorm days is basically consistent with the area of total precipitation, and is closely related to the amount of total precipitation; The torrential rain days of towns and villages in Shuicheng district are mainly from June to September, with the most in June, followed by July. The total torrential rain days in June and July account for more than 60% of the whole year; In Shuicheng District, there are 25 times of heavy rain with only one station at a time, and 33 times of heavy rain with 2~3 stations at the same time, the torrential rain at 1~3 stations accounted for 50% of the total torrential rain stations, and there was one torrential rain at each of 29~32 stations. Therefore, the rainstorm in Shuicheng District has local characteristics, and the probability of occurrence of large-scale rainstorm is small. The convective system in Shuicheng district is active from evening to midnight, and the frequency of precipitation produced by the convective system in midnight is more, there is also more precipitation.