老年高血压患者服药依从性及影响因素研究

Study on Medication Compliance and Influencing Factors in Elderly Patients with Hypertension

摘要: 目的：本研究在现有高血压药物治疗的基础上，对老年高血压患者服用降压药物的现状进行问卷调查，再经统计分析找出影响老年高血压患者服药依从性的因素，对影响患者服药依从性的众多因素进行系统探讨分析，为不同的机构人员制定针对性的干预措施提供理论依据，从而可以更好地揭示各因素对服药依从性的影响路径。方法：采用横断面调查法，选取解放军总院第四医学中心162例患者进行问卷调查。采用自制的一般资料问卷调查表与Morisky服药依从性量表(TASHP)进行调查。利用SPSS26软件对数据进行统计分析，社会学人口数据采用一般描述性统计方法，对影响因素通过SPSS26进行单因素以及多元线性回归分析，设定α = 0.05为检验标准，P < 0.05差异有统计学意义。结果：被调查的162例老年高血压患者中，整体服药依从性差。其中用药依从性好者占1.27%，用药依从性中等者5.5%，用药依从性差者占93.15%。单因素分析结果表示：持续购买药物是否给您带来经济压力和服用降压药物的时间具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；性别、居住地、职业、文化程度等无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。线性回归分析结果表示：其中高血压病程、有血缘关系的亲戚中是否有人患有高血压、持续购买药物是否给您带来压力的因素差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：通过此研究表明，老年高血压患者的服药依从性差，研究发现其主要影响因素为经济因素、药物因素、高血压病程等。

Abstract: Objective: Based on the existing hypertension drug treatment, this study conducted a questionnaire survey on the status quo of antihypertensive drugs used in elderly patients with hypertension. Through statistical analysis, the factors affecting patients’ medication compliance were found out, and numerous factors affecting patients’ medication compliance were systematically discussed and analyzed, so as to provide theoretical basis for personnel in different institutions to formulate targeted intervention measures, so as to better reveal the influence path of various factors on medication compliance. Methods: 162 patients diagnosed with hypertension in the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, were selected for questionnaire survey by cross-sectional survey. General data questionnaire and Morisky Medication Compliance Scale (TASHP) were used to investigate. SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data. General descriptive statistical methods were adopted for sociological population data. Single factor and regression analysis were carried out on the influencing factors through SPSS26.0. α = 0.05 was set as the test criterion, and P < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: 162 elderly patients with hypertension were investigated. The overall compliance of medication was poor. Among them, 1.27% had good medication compliance, 5.5% had medium medication compliance, and 93.15% had poor medication compliance. Univariate analysis showed that whether continuous purchase of drugs brought you economic pressure and the time of taking antihypertensive drugs had statistical significance (P < 0.05); There was no significant difference in gender, residence, occupation and education level (P > 0.05). The results of linear regression analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the course of hypertension, whether blood relatives suffered from hypertension, and whether continuous purchase of drugs brought pressure to you (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study shows that the elderly patients with hypertension have a severe form of medication compliance, and the study finds that the main influencing factors are economic factors, drug factors, family history, hypertension course, etc.