右美托咪定在预防舒芬太尼诱发呛咳反应中的研究进展

Research Progress of Dexmedetomidine in Preventing Sufentanil-Induced Cough Response

摘要: 在当前的临床麻醉实践中，舒芬太尼(Sufentanil)作为一种强效的阿片类药物，因其卓越的镇痛效果强和持久的作用时间，被广泛应用于围术期的镇痛和麻醉诱导过程。然而，在全身麻醉诱导过程中，舒芬太尼易引发患者呛咳反应，导致血流动力学剧烈波动，威胁气道安全，增加围术期不适，严重者甚至危及生命。因此，寻找有效的预防措施对于提升患者的安全和舒适至关重要。右美托咪定是一种α²-肾上腺素能受体激动剂，具有镇静、抗焦虑和镇痛作用，在临床实践中常用于麻醉前给药、监护室镇静及围术期管理，以减轻患者焦虑和疼痛。本文旨在评估右美托咪定在预防舒芬太尼诱发呛咳反应中的效果及机制。

Abstract: In the current clinical anesthesia practice, sufentanil, as a powerful opioid, is widely used in perioperative analgesia and anesthesia induction due to its excellent analgesic effect and lasting action time. However, during the induction of general anesthesia, sufentanil is easy to cause patients to cough, leading to violent fluctuations in hemodynamics, threatening airway safety, increasing perioperative discomfort, and even endangering life in serious cases. Therefore, it is very important to find effective preventive measures to improve the safety and comfort of patients. Dextrmedetomidine is an α²-adrenergic receptor agonist with sedative, antianxiety and analgesic effects. It is commonly used in clinical practice for pre anesthesia administration, sedation in the intensive care unit and perioperative management to alleviate patients’ anxiety and pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and mechanism of dexmedetomidine in preventing cough induced by sufentanil.