湖北省小麦区域试验鄂北组参试小麦新育成品种农艺性状分析

Analysis on Agronomic Characters of New Wheat Varieties in the North Hubei of Wheat Region Trials in Hubei Province

摘要: 利用2017~2023年间湖北省鄂北组小麦区域试验中鄂北组73份参试品种的农艺性状结果，分析了产量、有效穗、穗粒数、千粒重、株高和生育期的演变规律以及它们之间的相关性。结果表明该参试品种间变异系数大小为产量 > 千粒重 > 穗粒数 > 株高 > 有效穗 > 生育期，6年参试品种产量范围在4478.10~7821.15 kg/hm²，均值为(6279.42 ± 937.98) kg/hm²，整体呈现上升趋势。随着年份的增加，其中有效穗整体呈现下降趋势，穗粒数呈现上升趋势，千粒重上升趋势最为明显。相关性分析结果表明，产量与千粒重呈极显著正相关，与生育期也呈正相关关系。此后鄂北小麦区适当增加千粒重和延长生育期有助于产量的提高。

Abstract: Based on the results of agronomic characters of 73 varieties from North Hubei in the National Wheat Regional Test from 2017 to 2023, the evolution rules of yield, effective spike, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, plant height and growth period and the correlation between them were analyzed. The results showed that the coefficient of variation among the tested varieties was yield > 1000-grain weight > grains per ear > plant height > effective ear > growth period. The yield range of the tested varieties in 6 years was 4478.10~7821.15 kg/hm², with an average of (6279.42 ± 937.98) kg/hm², and the overall performance showed an upward trend. With the increase of years, the effective panicle as a whole showed a downward trend, the number of grains per spike showed an upward trend, and the upward trend of 1000-grain weight was the most obvious. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between yield and 1000-grain weight, and also a positive correlation with growth period. Since then, properly increasing the 1000-grain weight and prolonging the growth period in the wheat area of northern Hubei will contribute to the increase of yield.