不同层次护生职业规划的调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Career Planning of Nursing Students at Different Levels

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在通过随机问卷调查法，深入了解不同层次护生职业规划现状、影响因素及信息需求，为学校针对性地制订就业指导策略提供依据。方法：本研究参考相关文献应用选择《高护生职业生涯规划问卷》并对调查问卷进行修改整合为《不同层次护生职业规划调查》问卷采用Likert4级计分法，此问卷Cronbach’ SQ系数为0.913；有较好的信度和结构效度，可以用于测量护生的职业生涯规划水平。结果：在578名有效样本中，对职业规划及毕业去向为升学者有289人，占总体样本50%。意向为工作者有190人，占总样本32.87%，其中中专，大专，本科护生选择升学者居多，中专68人占中专总人数51.6%，大专98人占大专总人数49%，本科120人占本科总人数54.7%。而硕士层次护生选择工作者居多，有21人占硕士总人数67.7%。总体对职业规划有清晰认知但也存在部分护生对职业无清楚的规划。结论：护生职业规划与其学历背景相关性不强，但不同层次学生对职业规划认知度不同，护理高校应加强针对性职业教育，提高护生对职业规划的认知度。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to deeply understand the current situation, influencing factors and information needs of nursing students at different levels of career planning through random questionnaire survey, so as to provide a basis for schools to formulate targeted employment guidance strategies. Methods: In this study, the questionnaire of career planning for high nursing students was selected by referring to relevant literatures and modified and integrated into the questionnaire of Career Planning for Nursing Students at Different Levels. The Likert 4 scoring method was adopted, with Cronbach’ SQ coefficient of 0.913. It has good reliability and structural validity and can be used to measure the career planning level of nursing students. Results: Among the 578 valid samples, 289 scholars were promoted in career planning and graduation direction, accounting for 50% of the total sample. There are 190 intended workers, accounting for 32.87% of the total sample, among which the nursing students of technical secondary school, junior college and undergraduate choose to promote the scholars, 68 secondary school students account for 51.6% of the total number of technical secondary school students, 98 junior college students account for 49% of the total number of junior college students, 120 undergraduate students account for 54.7% of the total number of undergraduate students. There are 21 nursing students with master degree, accounting for 67.7% of the total number. Overall, they have a clear understanding of career planning, but some nursing students have no clear career planning. Conclusion: There is no strong correlation between nursing students’ career planning and their educational background, but students of different levels have different awareness of career planning. Nursing colleges should strengthen targeted vocational education to improve nursing students’ awareness of career planning.