高中生选科中自我决策与向他人建议的差异：责任感的中介作用

Differences in Self-Selection and Recommendations to Others in High School Students’ Subject Choices: The Mediating Role of Responsibility

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨新高考改革选科中高中生为自己选科与向他人建议选科之间的差异，以及这一差异所产生的潜在心理机制。研究结果显示：个体在为自我选科和向朋友建议选科时不存在选择偏好差异，都偏好于选择难度较低但兴趣也较低的科目；然而，向陌生人建议选科时则偏好于选择兴趣较高但难度也较高的科目。而且，责任感在决策者角色和科目选择偏好之间起到部分中介作用：与为自己选科相比，向陌生人建议选科时个体感知到的责任感相对较低，因而导致其更偏好于向他人建议选择兴趣较高但难度也较高的科目。这些发现深化了对自我决策与向他人建议之间差异的理解，也为学生的高考选科以及家长和老师的建议选科提供了有价值的参考。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the differences between high school students’ self-selection of subjects and their recommendations to others in the context of the new college entrance examination reform, as well as the underlying psychological mechanisms of these differences. The results indicate that individuals do not exhibit preference differences between selecting subjects for themselves and recommending subjects to friends; they tend to prefer subjects with lower difficulty and lower interest in both scenarios. However, when advising strangers, individuals tend to prefer subjects with higher interest but also higher difficulty. Furthermore, a partial mediating effect of responsibility was found between decision-maker roles and subject choice preferences: compared to self-selection, individuals perceive lower responsibility when advising strangers, leading to a greater preference for recommending subjects with higher interest but also higher difficulty. These findings deepen our understanding of the differences between self-selection and recommendations to others and provide valuable insights for students’ subject selection in the college entrance examination, as well as for parental and teacher guidance.