高职学生职业成熟度与就业压力的相关性研究

Research on the Correlation between Vocational Maturity and Employment Pressure of Higher Vocational Students

摘要: 全国高校毕业生人数逐年增加，预计2024年规模将达到1179万，与上一年度相比增加21万人。同时，高等教育的扩招，使得学历内卷成为普遍社会现象。在此背景下，高职学生面临的就业压力与日俱增，其生涯发展的稳定性正遭遇着严峻挑战。基于这一现实问题，本研究以职业生涯发展理论作为指导，调查分析高职学生职业成熟度现状，发现当前高职学生职业成熟度受性别、学生干部经历、二课学分等人口统计学变量的影响。根据上述分析结果，本研究认为提升职业成熟度，可以从以下方面着手：首先需要学生转变就业观念，认识到职业发展的动态性；其次高职院校要加强就业理念的渗透，提供全程化就业服务；最后需要用人单位建立正确的人才评价体系，给予学生更多的社会支持。

Abstract: The number of college graduates nationwide is increasing year by year, and the scale is expected to reach 11.79 million in 2024, an increase of 210,000 compared with the previous year. At the same time, the expansion of higher education has made the involution of academic qualifications a common social phenomenon. In this context, the employment pressure faced by higher vocational students is increasing day by day, and the stability of their career development is encountering severe challenges. Based on this practical problem, this study investigates and analyzes the current situation of vocational students’ career maturity under the guidance of career development theory, and finds that the current vocational maturity of higher vocational students is affected by demographic variables such as gender, student cadre experience, and second course credits. Based on the above analysis results, this study believes that to improve career maturity, we can start from the following aspects: Firstly, students need to change their employment concept and realize the dynamic nature of career development; secondly, higher vocational colleges should strengthen the penetration of employment concepts and provide full-process employment services; finally, it is necessary for employers to establish a correct talent evaluation system and give students more social support.