人工智能背景下译者的不可替代性——以鲁迅小说《狂人日记》中文化负载词的西班牙语翻译为例

The Irreplaceability of Translators in the Context of Artificial Intelligence—A Case Study of Spanish Translation of Culturally Loaded Words in Lu Xun’s Novel Diary of a Madman

摘要: 文化负载词，作为民族独特文化的载体，其翻译历来是翻译研究的重要课题。在人工智能蓬勃发展的今天，以ChatGPT为代表的大型语言模型为翻译领域带来了新的挑战与机遇。本文以鲁迅先生的经典作品《狂人日记》中的文化负载词西班牙语翻译为案例，从译者主体性的角度出发，深入对比分析孟继成先生的翻译实践与ChatGPT的翻译能力。研究旨在探索文化负载词西班牙语翻译的新策略，丰富翻译理论，并探讨人工智能在翻译实践中的潜在应用与影响，为文化翻译与跨文化交流提供新的视角与启示。

Abstract: Culturally loaded words, as carriers of unique national cultures, have always been an essential topic in translation research. In today’s era of booming artificial intelligence, large language models represented by ChatGPT have brought new challenges and opportunities to the field of translation. This article takes the Spanish translation of culturally loaded words in Lu Xun’s classic work Diary of a Madman as a case study. From the perspective of translator subjectivity, it conducts an in-depth comparative analysis of the translation practices of Mr. Meng Jicheng and the translation capabilities of ChatGPT. The research aims to explore new strategies for the Spanish translation of culturally loaded words, enrich translation theories, and discuss the potential applications and impacts of artificial intelligence in translation practice, providing new perspectives and insights for cultural translation and cross-cultural communication.