《新加坡调解公约》下我国商事调解制度的新发展

New Developments in Our Commercial Mediation System under “The Singapore Convention on Mediation”

摘要: 在经济全球化背景下，国际贸易不断发展，贸易摩擦日益频繁，商事纠纷的解决方式也向着多元化发展。不同于传统的国际商事纠纷解决方式，调解具有灵活、高效、包容的特点，为很多商事纠纷的当事人所青睐。不过由于很多国家将调解定义为民事合同，其无法被强制执行，因而调解制度难以在国际商事中获得进一步发展。《新加坡调解公约》的产生将改变这一局面，在该公约中，和解协议具有强制执行力，使得商事和解协议可以在不同国家间承认与执行。这意味着国际商事纠纷解决机制得到了进一步完善，同时也意味着国际商事调解独立于诉讼，仲裁，开始向着独立化，体系化的方向发展。我国具有深厚的调解基础，但我国的调解体系与《新加坡调解公约》并不相同，因此我国需要采取一系列行动，进一步完善我国的商事纠纷解决机制，尽快与国际规则相接轨。

Abstract: In the context of economic globalisation, international trade continues to develop, trade frictions are becoming more frequent, and the settlement of commercial disputes is diversifying. Unlike traditional international commercial dispute resolution, mediation is flexible, efficient and inclusive, and is favoured by many parties to commercial disputes. However, as many countries define conciliation as a civil contract, it cannot be enforced, thus making it difficult for the conciliation system to further develop in international commercial affairs. This situation will change with the creation of the Singapore Convention on Conciliation, in which settlement agreements are enforceable, making it possible for commercial settlement agreements to be recognised and enforced between different countries. This means that the international commercial dispute resolution mechanism has been further improved, but also means that international commercial mediation is independent of litigation and arbitration, and has begun to develop in the direction of independence and systematisation. China has a profound foundation of mediation, but our mediation system is not the same as the Singapore Convention on Mediation, so we need to take a series of actions to further improve our commercial dispute resolution mechanism and to converge with the international rules as soon as possible.