大学生身体意象与社交焦虑的关系研究——自我效能的中介作用

The Relationship between Body Image and Social Anxiety on College Students—The Mediating Role of Self Efficacy

摘要: 目的：本文主要探讨大学生群体身体意象、自我效能与社交焦虑之间的关系。方法：应用负面身体意象量表(NPSS)、一般自我效能量表(GSES)与交往焦虑量表(IAS)，对235名大学生进行问卷调查。结果：1) 身体意象各维度和自我效能与社交焦虑存在显著相关关系；2) 整体负面自我(β = −0.35, p < 0.001)、相貌负面自我(β = −0.21, p < 0.01)与矮负面自我(β = −0.23, p < 0.001)能够负向预测自我效能；3) 整体负面身体自我(β=0.40, p < 0.001)与相貌负面身体自我(β = 0.36, p < 0.001)能够正向预测社交焦虑；4) 自我效能负向预测(β = −0.56, p < 0.001)社交焦虑。5) 自我效能在整体负面自我与相貌负面自我对社交焦虑的影响中起到中介作用。结论：大学生的身体意象不仅可以直接影响社交焦虑，还可以通过自我效能的中介作用影响社交焦虑。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the relationships among body image, self-efficacy and social anxiety in college students. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 235 college students using the Negative Physical Self Scale (NPSS), General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) and Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS). Results: 1) The dimensions of body image and self-efficacy were significantly correlated with social anxiety; 2) overall negative self (β = −0.35, p < 0.001), physical negative self (β = −0.21, p < 0.01) and short negative self (β = −0.23, p < 0.001) could negatively predict self-efficacy; 3) overall negative body self (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) and appearance negative body self (β = 0.36, p < 0.001) could positively predict social anxiety; 4) self-efficacy negatively predicted social anxiety (β = −0.56, p < 0.001); 5) self-efficacy played a partial mediating role in the influence of overall negative self and appearance negative self on social anxiety. Conclusion: College students’ body image can not only directly affect social anxiety, but also indirectly affect social anxiety via self efficacy.