13个洛阳牡丹品种在山西地区盆栽试验研究

Study on the Potted Cultivation of 13 Luoyang Peony Varieties in Shanxi Region

摘要: 目的：为丰富盆栽牡丹品种、实现盆栽牡丹在山西地区规范化、规模化、标准化生产的参考，为牡丹盆栽产业的发展提供了基础。方法：利用13种洛阳牡丹品种进行试验，研究它们的生长周期、形态特征和生理特性，以确定最适合盆栽栽培的品种；同时，以‘银红巧对’为研究对象，采用有机肥、草炭、蛭石、木屑等作为基质材料，设置了6种不同的基质配比方案，以育苗基质(有机肥:草炭:蛭石:木屑 = 1:1:1:1)作为对照组，对其生长周期、形态特征和生理特性进行了测定和分析，以找出最适合的栽培基质。结果：在研究中发现，赵粉是综合评价指数最高的牡丹品种，其次是雪映桃花、魏紫、二乔、藏枝红和朱砂垒。相反，花王、姚黄、凤丹白和岛锦品种的综合评价指数较低。这一结果与物候期、形态指标和生理指标所得到的结论基本一致。在基质方面，F4的综合评价指数最高，而CK最低，与物候期、形态指标和生理指标的结果基本一致。结论：综合来看，赵粉是山西地区最适合盆栽的牡丹品种，其次是雪映桃花、魏紫、二乔、藏枝红和朱砂垒。此外，最适合牡丹盆栽的基质配比为有机肥:草炭:蛭石:木屑 = 4:2:2:2。

Abstract: Objective: In order to enrich the varieties of potted peony and realize the standardized, large-scale and standardized production of potted peony in Shanxi Province, it provides a basis for the development of potted peony industry. Method: The growth cycle, morphological characteristics and physiological characteristics of 13 Luoyang peony varieties were studied to determine the most suitable varieties for pot cultivation. At the same time, “Yinhongqiaodui” was used as the research object, and organic fertilizer, peat, vermiculite and sawdust were used as matrix materials. Six different matrix ratio schemes were set up, and the seedling substrate (organic fertilizer:peat: vermiculite:sawdust = 1:1:1:1) was used as the control group. The growth cycle, morphological characteristics and physiological characteristics were measured and analyzed to find out the most suitable cultivation substrate. Result: In the study, it was found that Zhaofen was the peony variety with the highest comprehensive evaluation index, followed by Xueyingtaohua, Weizi, Erqiao, Zangzhihong and Zhushalei. On the contrary, the comprehensive evaluation indexes of Huawang, Yaohuang, Fengdanbai and Daojin were lower. This result is basically consistent with the conclusion of phenological period, morphological index and physiological index. In terms of substrate, the comprehensive evaluation index of F4 was the highest, while CK was the lowest, which was basically consistent with the results of phenological period, morphological index and physiological index. Conclusion: On the whole, Zhaofen is the most suitable potted peony variety in Shanxi, followed by Xueyingtaohua, Weizi, Erqiao, Zangzhihong and Zhushalei. In addition, the most suitable substrate ratio for peony potting was organic fertilizer:peat:vermiculite:sawdust = 4:2:2:2.