内蒙古种植区农村家庭能源消费现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Current Situation of Rural Household Energy Consumption in the Planting Area of Inner Mongolia

摘要: 为了响应我国乡村振兴战略中提出的大力发展清洁能源的号召，明确农村地区用能现状，本文使用入户问卷调查的方法，选取内蒙古自治区的2个以农业种植为主的行政村进行能源消费现状调查，统计内容包括种植面积、种植作物种类、电能消费量、秸秆消费量、饲养牲畜种类和数量、家庭能源消费总量。结果显示。蒙东和蒙西两地能源消费中电能分别占到了50.11%和68.48%，占据家庭能源消费主体；秸秆燃烧占比分别为38.45%和10.06%，对清洁能源的利用率低。建议结合当地特点，一是降低农村家庭能源消费对化石能源发电的依赖程度；二是提高生物质资源的利用率，通过生物质能源发电、承担牲畜青储饲料等用途以外，将多余秸秆用于环保板材、纸浆等产品的生产。本文可为提高清洁能源占比、建设零碳乡村等相关方面提供资料支撑。

Abstract: In order to respond to the call for vigorously developing clean energy in China’s rural revitalization strategy and clarify the current situation of energy consumption in rural areas, this paper uses the method of household questionnaire survey to investigate the current situation of energy consumption in two administrative villages in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which mainly focus on agricultural planting, and the statistical content includes planting area, types of crops planted, electric energy consumption, straw consumption, types and quantities of livestock, and total household energy consumption. The results are displayed. Electric energy accounted for 50.11% and 68.48% of the energy consumption in eastern and western parts of Inner Mongolia respectively, accounting for the main household energy consumption. Straw burning accounted for 38.45% and 10.06% respectively, and the utilization rate of clean energy was low. It is suggested that the local characteristics should be taken into account, firstly, to reduce the dependence of rural household energy consumption on fossil energy power generation; the second is to improve the utilization rate of biomass resources, and use excess straw for the production of environmentally friendly boards, pulp and other products in addition to biomass energy power generation and livestock green storage feed. This paper can provide data support for increasing the proportion of clean energy and building zero-carbon villages.