台湾地区金控体系民营银行的绩效评估

A Study on Operational Performance and Productivity Analysis of the Private Banks in the Financial Holding System in Taiwan

摘要: 本研究以银行为经营主体之金控公司下的民营银行：中信银、台北富邦银、永丰银、玉山银、及台新银为研究对象，研究期间为2002~2011年的数据，运用数据包络分析法、超级效率模型与麦氏生产力指数，比较不同时期的经营绩效，以员工人数、利息支出、及营业费用做为投入项，以净值、非利息收入、及利息收入做为产出项。探讨五家研究对象在各年的绩效值、无效率原因、及生产力。研究结果指出：1) 中信银、永丰银、玉山银与台新银的效率不佳的原因主要为规模因素，其与分行数、员工数及固定资产等无有效运用有关。台北富邦银之无效率原因为纯技术因素，其与员工的服务能力、服务流程与服务质量等有直接关系；2) 比较五家银行在2008年金融风暴后的表现，中信银、台北富邦银与永丰银在2009年的所有绩效值骤降，玉山银与台新银则在当年的绩效值就不佳，但后续经过组织政策的调整、政府的补助方案与人力的调派等，有逐步回升的现象；3) 在动态的绩效结果部份，五家银行的在2002~2007年，仅有2003~2004年的永丰银之生产效率变动小于1，显示其于当年有经营规模上的问题；2007~2011年期间，玉山银与台新银的生产效率欠佳，原因亦出在规模效率不佳的因素。 This study selects five private banks of financial holding corporation as the object of study: Chinatrust, Taipeifubon, Sinopac, Esunbank and Taishin from 2002 to 2011. We use data envelopment analysis, super efficiency, and Malmquist productivity index to compare business performance of different period. The study select employee number, interest expense and operating expenses as input variables, and select net value, non-interest return and interest return as output variables to confer the performance, reason of non-efficiency and productivity of five banks. The results of study are as follows: 1) The related factors of scale non-efficiency of Chinatrust, Sinopac, Esunbank and Taishin are members of bank branch, employee number and capital asset. The related factors of pure-technology non-efficiency of Taipeifubon are employee service capability, employee service flow and service quality; 2) To compare the performance of five banks after financial meltdown: Chinatrust, Taipeifubon and Sinopac have low performance in 2009 before financial meltdown, Esunbank and Taishin have low performance in 2008. The performance has become better and better after the adjustment of organization policies and the subsidy project of government and human allotment; 3) The result of dynamic performance of five banks from 2002 to 2007, the production efficiency change of Sinopac was less than 1 from 2003 to 2004. The production efficiency of Esunbank and Taishin was not good from 2007 to 2011 because of the scale non-efficiency.