玉米套种苎麻对镉污染土壤修复研究

Study on the Remediation of Cadmium Contaminated Soil by Intercropping Maize and Ramie

摘要: 通过田间试验设置玉米与苎麻的单作模式、玉米与苎麻的套作模式，研究玉米与苎麻套作模式对植物样本质量、株高，土壤基本理化性质、土壤与植物Cd含量变化的影响。结果表明：1) 与单作模式相比，套作处理玉米的植株质量及玉米颗粒质量均呈下降趋势，对玉米株高无显著影响，对苎麻株高、植株质量却有所提高，质量提升幅度达789.49%；2) 套作处理促进了苎麻生物量与Cd富集总量，富集总量与单作相比显著提升3.84倍至6.78倍；3) 套作处理使苎麻对Cd的吸收下降45.3%，但玉米叶部Cd富集量大幅上涨，涨幅为178.15％，玉米根际土Cd富集量上涨50%；4) 与单作相比，套作系统中玉米、苎麻的Cd富集系数分别增加128%和减少39.77%。玉米与苎麻套作能提升作物生物量，利于Cd污染土壤的修复以及对污染土壤的安全利用。

Abstract: The single-cropping mode of maize and ramie and the intercropping mode of maize and ramie were set up in field experiments to study the influence of changes in plant sample quality and plant height, basic physical and chemical properties of soil, and Cd content in soil and plant under the intercropping mode of maize and ramie. The results showed that: 1) Compared with the single cropping mode, the intercropping had a downward trend on the plant quality and corn kernel quality of maize, and had no significant effect on the plant height of maize, but improved the plant height and plant quality of ramie. The range was 789.49%; 2) The intercropping treatment promoted the increase of ramie biomass and the total amount of Cd enrichment, and the total amount of Cd enriched by a single ramie plant was significantly increased by 3.84 times to 6.78 times; 3) Intercropping treatment made ramie absorption of Cd decreased by 45.3%, the Cd enrichment in maize leaves rose sharply by 178.15%, and the Cd enrichment in maize rhizosphere soil increased by 50%; 4) Compared with single cropping, in the intercropping system, maize, The enrichment coefficients of ramie varied by +128% and −39.77%, respectively. The intercropping of maize and ramie can increase the biomass, which is helpful for the remediation of cadmium contaminated soil, the safe utilization of contaminated soil.