慢阻肺的中西医治疗进展

Progress in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

摘要: 慢阻肺是临床常见疾病之一，是一种常见的以持续气流受限为特征的可以预防和治疗的疾病，气流受限呈进行性发展，与气道和肺脏对有毒颗粒或气体的慢性炎性反应增强有关，急性加重和合并症影响患者整体疾病的严重程度，可进一步发展为肺心病和呼吸衰竭的常见慢性疾病。慢阻肺最为常见的症状是呼吸困难，慢性咳嗽(有时伴有痰)，睡眠困难和感到疲倦，易并发其他疾病，常见的如呼吸衰竭、肺心症、自发性气胸、肺部感染及抑郁和焦虑。慢阻肺主要的发病因素分为环境因素和宿主因素，包括吸烟，工作习惯，素体虚弱等。目前对慢阻肺的治疗方式包括西医疗法、中医治疗和中西医结合法。西医治疗包括药物治疗、辅助通气治疗、长期氧疗等。中医治疗分为中医内治法和外治法，中西医结合法是将中医、西医结合的方法。本文就将以中西医治疗慢阻肺的相关概况给予总结，为防治此病提供参考。

Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the common clinical diseases, characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is preventable and treatable. The airflow limitation is progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and lungs to noxious particles or gases. Acute exacerbations and comorbidities affect the overall severity of the disease, which can further develop into common chronic conditions such as pulmonary heart disease and respiratory failure. The most common symptoms of COPD are dyspnea, chronic cough (sometimes with sputum), difficulty sleeping, and feeling tired. It is prone to complications such as respiratory failure, pulmonary heart disease, spontaneous pneumothorax, lung infections, depression, and anxiety. The main pathogenic factors of COPD are divided into environmental and host factors, including smoking, work habits, and constitutional weakness. Currently, the treatment options for COPD include Western medicine therapy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy, and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy. Western medicine treatment includes medication, assisted ventilation, long-term oxygen therapy, etc. TCM treatment is divided into internal and external therapies, while integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy combines both approaches. This article summarizes the relevant overview of the treatment of COPD with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease.