马克思人的再生产理论视角下我国人口老龄化问题的对策研究

The Research on the Countermeasures of China’s Population Aging Problem from the Perspective of Marx’s Theory of Human Reproduction

摘要: 近年来，我国人口出生率下降，老龄化现象逐渐加重，基于此，我国逐渐放宽生育政策，但政策实施后的效果并不明显，人口再生产问题并没有得到根本改善。中国当前面临着人口老龄化快速增长的现状，其背后的原因复杂多元，对社会经济均产生了深远影响。在马克思人的再生产理论视角下，文章对中国人口老龄化问题进行了深入探讨。结合马克思关于劳动力再生产成本理论、物质资料再生产对人口自身再生产的制约以及相对过剩人口理论，分析当前中国人口老龄化的原因与特征，并在此理论基础上提出针对性的对策。

Abstract: In recent years, the birth rate of the population in my country has declined, and the phenomenon of aging has gradually increased. Based on this, my country has gradually relaxed the fertility policy, but the effect after the implementation of the policy is not obvious, and the problem of population reproduction has not been fundamentally improved. China is currently facing the current situation of rapid population aging, and the reasons behind it are complex and diversified, which has a profound impact on the socio-economic and economy. From the perspective of Marx’s theory of human reproduction, this article conducts an in-depth analysis of the aging population issue in China. It combines Marx’s theory of labor reproduction costs, the constraints of the reproduction of material conditions on population self-reproduction, and the theory of the relative surplus population, to analyze the causes and characteristics of China’s current aging population. Based on this theoretical foundation, it proposes targeted countermeasures.