数字鸿沟与数字反哺：新媒体对农村家庭代际互动的影响探究

Digital Divide and Digital Feedback: An Exploration of the Impact of New Media on Intergenerational Interaction of Rural Households

摘要: 随着数字技术的发展，以互联网为基础的新媒体迅速融入到人们的日常生活中，在以移动互联网和数字技术为基础的数字化生存环境中，熟练使用新媒体技术逐渐成为人们展开社会活动的前提。随着新媒体深入农村，中国农村地区的社会空间结构、价值观念、生活方式等受到影响开始变化，作为基本社会细胞的农村家庭内部也开始发生变迁，农村家庭场域内子代青少年与亲代长辈在新媒体技术的理解、接纳与使用层面存在显著差异，导致农村家庭代际交往与互动中出现了“数字鸿沟”。与此同时，年轻一代也通过“数字反哺”的方式帮助年长一代融入数字社会，这种新的文化传承形式在一定程度上弥合了数字鸿沟。文章运用深度访谈法对新媒体环境下农村家庭代际互动问题进行探究，分析新媒体技术对农村家庭代际互动产生的影响以及新媒体环境下农村代际互动的现状和困境，并在此基础上提出改善策略。

Abstract: With the development of digital technology, new media based on the Internet have been rapidly integrated into people’s daily lives, and in the digital living environment based on mobile Internet and digital technology, the proficient use of new media technology has gradually become a prerequisite for people to carry out social activities. With the penetration of new media into rural areas, the social space structure, values, and lifestyles of rural areas in China have been affected and begun to change, and changes have also begun to take place within the rural family as a basic social cell. There are significant differences in the understanding, acceptance, and use of new media technologies between children and youth and their elders in the rural family arena, which has led to the emergence of a “digital divide” in intergenerational interactions in the rural family. At the same time, the younger generation also helps the older generation to integrate into the digital society through “digital feedback”, which is a new form of cultural inheritance that bridges the digital divide to a certain extent. From the perspective of interactionism, this paper uses in-depth interviews to explore the intergenerational interaction of rural families in the new media environment, analyses the impact of new media technology on the intergenerational interaction of rural families, and the status quo and dilemma of intergenerational interaction in rural areas under the new media environment, and puts forward strategies to improve it on the basis of this analysis.