电商平台经营者违反安全保障义务的责任形态

The Forms of Responsibility for E-Commerce Platform Operators Violating Their Security Obligations

摘要: 《中华人民共和国电子商务法》第38条规定了电商平台经营者对在平台上进行消费的消费者的人身及其财产权益应当进行保护。第二款将其明确为安全保障义务但未明确其具体内容及边界，并规定违反该义务应当承担法律责任但未明确具体的责任形态。从现行立法规范层面，我国电子商务法第38条第1款与第2款之间还存在部分的内容重叠关系，与27条、29条在逻辑上也有一定联系，同时区别于《民法典》第1198条的安全保障义务。对平台的安全保障义务及法律责任可以对相关司法判决进行实证分析，同时采取法教义学的视角。确定平台安全保障义务的内容、明确相应责任多元化责任形态以及配置完善的举证责任制度，促进电商行业经济的有序、健康发展。

Abstract: Article 38 of the E-commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that e-commerce platform operators shall protect the personal and property rights of consumers who consume on the platform. The second paragraph clearly defines it as a security obligation but does not specify its specific content and boundaries, and stipulates that those who violate this obligation should bear legal responsibility but does not specify the specific form of responsibility. At the level of current legislative norms, there is still some overlap between the first and second paragraphs of Article 38 of China’s E-commerce Law, which is logically related to Articles 27 and 29, and differs from the security obligations under Article 1198 of the Civil Code. The security obligations and legal responsibilities of the platform can be empirically analyzed through relevant judicial judgments, while also adopting a legal doctrinal perspective. The law should clarify the platform security obligations, corresponding forms of responsibility and the establishment of a perfect burden of proof system. Thus it can promote the orderly and healthy development of the e-commerce industry and economy.