基于生态足迹模型的网湖流域生态环境评价

Ecological Environment Evaluation of Net Lake Watershed Based on Ecological Footprint Modeling

摘要: 网湖流域是黄石市阳新县重要的河流集水区之一。本文基于生态足迹模型对网湖流域1980年、1990年、2000年、2010年和2018年的土地类型面积、人均生态足迹、人均生态承载力、生态盈亏的演变进行了评估。结果表明：耕地面积与水域面积变化呈现此消彼长的演变特征；1980~2018年网湖流域人均生态足迹先增后减，人均生态承载力逐渐下降；1980~2018网湖流域生态盈亏呈现“盈余–赤字–盈余–赤字”波动变化的趋势，可能表明网湖流域正在经历退化阶段。因此，在开展网湖流域生态治理和水资源利用管理工作时，需要合理规划、科学开发，确保流域生态系统的稳定和可持续发展。

Abstract: The Net Lake watershed is one of the important river catchments in Yangxin County, Huangshi City. This paper evaluates the evolution of land type area, per capita ecological footprint, per capita eco- logical carrying capacity, ecological surplus and deficit of the Net Lake watershed in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018 based on the ecological footprint model. The results show that: the changes in cultivated land area and watershed area show the evolution of this and that; the per capita ecologi- cal footprint of the Nettle Lake Basin increased and then decreased, and the per capita ecological carrying capacity gradually decreased from 1980 to 2018; the ecological surplus and deficit of the Nettle Lake Basin from 1980 to 2018 show the “deficit” and “surplus”. The fluctuating trend of “deficit- surplus-deficit-surplus” from 1980 to 2018 may indicate that the net lake basin is experiencing a degradation stage. Therefore, when carrying out the management of ecological management and water resources utilization in the Net Lake Basin, it is necessary to carry out rational planning and scientific development to ensure the stability and sustainable development of the basin ecosystem.