大连周水子国际机场2001~2020年雾的气候学特征

Climatic Characteristics of Fog at Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport from 2001 to 2020

摘要: 使用2001~2020年大连周水子国际机场气象实况和REA5再分析资料，分析了机场雾的年、月以及昼夜变化，同时研究了长时间雾生成和消散对应的天气形势。每年雾日从14天到74天不等，平均为43.9天，且雾出现天数呈现逐年减少的趋势；6、7月是雾出现最频繁的月份，9月雾出现次数最少；一天中各个时刻都会出现雾，并且夜晚雾出现较多，在日出至早晨前后达到顶峰。雾事件最常持续时间为3小时或更短时间，12小时以上长时间雾与西太平洋副热带高压西侧水汽输运有关，2~6 m/s的偏东或东南风为雾的形成和维持提供了有利条件。

Abstract: Using the meteorological data from Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport from 2001 to 2020 and REA5 reanalysis data, the annual, monthly, and diurnal variations of airport fog were analyzed, and the weather patterns corresponding to long-term fog generation and dissipation were studied. The number of foggy days varies from 14 to 74 days per year, with an average of 43.9 days, and the number of foggy days shows a decreasing trend year by year; 6. July is the month with the most frequent occurrence of fog, while September has the fewest occurrences of fog; Fog appears at various times of the day, with more fog at night, reaching its peak around sunrise and morning. The most common duration of fog events is 3 hours or less, and prolonged fog lasting more than 12 hours is related to the transport of water vapor on the western side of the subtropical high in the western Pacific. The southeast or easterly winds of 2~6 m/s provide favorable conditions for the formation and maintenance of fog.