“X不了一点”构式研究

Exploring the Construction “X Bu Liao Yi Dian”

摘要: 流行语“X不了一点”作为新兴构式被人们高频使用。文章结合构式语法及社交媒体语料，对该构式进行语表、语义、语用、流行动因四个方面的分析。研究发现，语表形式上，该构式变项多为单音节动词，存在易位现象，常独立成句；语义特征上，其基本构式义是“程度深”，语义丰富，褒、贬、中性情感色彩均有体现；语用功能上，该构式具有彰显主观情感、引出话题的作用。其流行动因可归纳为语言经济原则、高能产性、说话人心理三方面。

Abstract: The phrase “X bu liao yi dian” has emerged as a highly popular construction in contemporary usage. This article analyzes the construction from four perspectives—morphosyntactic form, semantics, pragmatics, and factors contributing to its popularity—by integrating Construction Grammar and social media data. In terms of morphosyntactic form, the construction typically features monosyllabic verbs as its variable components and exhibits instances of transposition, often forming sentences on their own. Semantically, its fundamental construed meaning denotes a “high degree” of something, encompassing a rich spectrum of emotions including positive, negative, and neutral tones. Pragmatically, the construction serves to highlight subjective emotions and introduce topics of discussion. The factors behind its popularity can be summarized as follows: the principle of linguistic economy, high productivity, and the psychology of the speakers.