急性胰腺炎患者健康素养及其影响因素研究

Health Literacy and Its Influencing Factors in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis

摘要: 目的：通过健康素养量表准确的评估抽样调查中的急性胰腺炎患者健康素养现状及其影响因素，为后期护理工作对于该疾病的健康平台建设和健康素养培训方案中提供依据，从而提升急性胰腺炎患者健康素养水平并改善生活质量。方法：采用横断面调查，在2023年8月~2024年1月期间，选取西安市某三甲医院148位急性胰腺炎患者进行调查，采用自制的一般资料问卷调查表与急性胰腺炎患者健康素养量表(Acute Pancreatitis Health Literacy, APHLS)进行调查。采用独立样本t检验，单因素方差分析和多元线性回归的统计学方法，设定α = 0.05为检验标准，P < 0.05差异有统计学意义。结果：急性胰腺炎患者健康素养平均分为53.70分，三个维度中疾病认知平均得分最高为3.00 ± 0.86，健康行为次之为2.70 ± 0.77，健康意识最低为1.91 ± 0.07。单因素分析显示，与健康素养水平相关的因素包括性别、婚姻状况、受教育程度、是否关注过急性胰腺炎的相关知识、经济负担、支付医疗方式(P < 0.05)。多元logistics回归分析显示：性别(OR = 6.031, P = 0.017)、是否关注过急性胰腺炎的相关知识(OR = 14.844, P = 0.001)、经济负担(OR = 4.371, P = 0.002)、支付医疗方式(OR = 5.129, P = 0.003)。结论：本研究结果表明急性胰腺炎患者健康素养整体处于较低水平，均有待提高。急性胰腺炎患者健康素养的影响因素众多，如性别、受教育程度、是否关注过急性胰腺炎相关知识、经济负担、医疗支付方式。

Abstract: Objective: The health literacy scale was used to accurately evaluate the status quo and influencing factors of the health literacy of patients with acute pancreatitis in the sampling survey, so as to provide a basis for the later nursing work to build a health platform for the disease and health literacy training programs, so as to improve the health literacy level of patients with acute pancreatitis and improve the quality of life. Methods: Using cross-sectional surveys, 148 patients with acute pancreatitis at a three-class hospital in Xi’an were selected for investigation from August 2023 to January 2024. The general information questionnaire and the Acute Pancreatitis Health Literacy Scale (APHLS) were used for investigation. Statistical methods such as independent sample t-test, one-factor analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression were used, with a significance level of α = 0.05 set as the criterion for statistical significance. P < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. Results: The average score of health literacy in patients with acute pancreatitis was 53.70, with the highest score of disease cognition being 3.00 ± 0.86, followed by the second score of health behavior being 2.70 ± 0.77, and the lowest score of health awareness being 1.91 ± 0.07. Univariate analysis showed that the factors related to health literacy level included sex, marital status, education level, knowledge about acute pancreatitis, financial burden, and medical payment method (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistics regression analysis shows: Gender (OR = 6.031, P = 0.017), attention to acute pancreatitis related knowledge (OR = 14.844, P = 0.000), financial burden (OR = 4.371, P = 0.002), medical payment method (OR = 5.129, P = 0.003). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the overall health literacy of patients with acute pancreatitis is at a low level and needs to be improved. There are many factors affecting the health literacy of patients with acute pancreatitis, such as gender, education level, whether they have paid attention to the knowledge related to acute pancreatitis, economic burden, and medical payment method.