童年期心理虐待与青少年攻击行为的关系研究

A Study on the Relationship between Childhood Psychological Abuse and Adolescent Aggressive Behavior

摘要: 目的：探究童年期心理虐待与青少年攻击行为的关系。方法：采用整群抽样法对沅陵县某中学学生发放儿童心理虐待量表和Buss-Warren攻击性问卷，回收有效问卷602份。结果：1) 童年期心理虐待与青少年攻击行为在性别、是否单亲上差异显著(p < 0.05)，在生源地和是否是独生子女上差异不显著(p > 0.05)；2) 童年期遭受心理虐待的青少年与没有遭受心理虐待的青少年在攻击行为上存在显著差异(p < 0.001)；3) 童年期心理虐待总分与青少年攻击行为显著正相关(r = 0.574, p < 0.01)，除了纵容与言语攻击、敌意不存在显著相关外(p > 0.05)，童年期心理虐待各维度与青少年攻击行为各维度呈显著正相关(p < 0.01)。结论：1) 青少年受到的心理虐待以恐吓形式为主，而表现出的攻击行为多为敌意；2) 童年期遭受心理虐待的青少年更易表现出攻击行为；3) 遭受心理虐待的形式越复杂，攻击行为的表现形式越复杂，遭受恐吓、贬损、忽视、干涉的青少年更容易表现出敌意，而遭受纵容的青少年更容易表现出身体上的攻击行为；4) 童年期遭受心理虐待的女生更容易表现出攻击行为，单亲家庭的青少年表现出的攻击行为相较于非单亲家庭的青少年更多；5) 童年期心理虐待对青少年攻击行为有显著正向预测作用，心理虐待的各维度对身体攻击、间接攻击、愤怒有显著的正向预测作用，除纵容外的各维度对言语攻击、敌意有显著正向预测作用。

Abstract: Objective: Exploring the relationship between childhood psychological abuse and adolescent aggressive behavior. Methods: The Child Psychological Abuse Scale and the Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire were administered to students of a middle school in Yuanling County using the whole population sampling method, and 602 valid questionnaires were collected. Results: 1) There were significant differences between psychological abuse in childhood and adolescent aggression in terms of gender and whether or not they were single parents (p < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in terms of place of birth and whether or not they were an only child (p > 0.05); 2) Adolescents who had been psychologically abused in childhood differed significantly from those who hadn’t been psychologically abused in terms of their aggression (p < 0.001); 3) The total score of psychological abuse in childhood was significantly positively associated with adolescent aggression (r = 0.574, p < 0.01), and all dimensions of psychological abuse during childhood were significantly positively correlated with all dimensions of adolescent aggression (r in the range of 0.370~0.542, p < 0.01), except for connivance, which was not significantly correlated with verbal aggression and hostility (p > 0.05). Conclusion: 1) Psychological abuse suffered by adolescents is dominated by forms of intimidation, while the aggressive behaviors displayed are mostly hostile; 2) Adolescents who suffered psychological abuse during childhood are more likely to display aggressive behaviors relative; 3) The more complex the form of psychological abuse suffered, the more complicated the forms of aggressive behaviors, and adolescents who suffered from intimidation, degradation, neglect, and interference are more likely to display hostility, and adolescents who suffered indulgence were more likely to show physical aggression; 4) Girls who suffered psychological abuse in childhood were more likely to show aggression, and adolescents from single-parent families showed more aggression compared to adolescents from non-single-parent families; 5) Psychological abuse in childhood had a significant positive predictive effect on adolescents’ aggression, and dimensions of psychological abuse had significant positive predictive effects on physical aggression, indirect aggression, anger had significant positive predictive effects, and the dimensions except connivance had significant positive predictive effects on verbal aggression and hostility.