毕节市烤烟气候适宜性研究及区划

Research and Zoning on the Suitability of the Tobacco Curing Climate in Bijie City

摘要: 研究毕节市烤烟气候适宜性特征，对促进烤烟持续稳定发展具有重要意义。利用毕节市8个国家站及98个多要素自动站观测资料，基于烤烟气候适宜性评价隶属函数模型，运用ArcGIS技术对毕节市烤烟气候适宜性特征进行分析及区划。结果表明：毕节市大部地区温度能满足烤烟各生育期生长需求；移栽–团棵期、旺长期市南部、成熟期全市大部降水偏多；大田期日照充足，相对湿度适宜性除大方县东北部，纳雍县大部、织金县西部及赫章县大部偏低以外，其余地区适宜性较好。毕节市烤烟气候条件总体适宜，最适宜区主要分布在海拔1500 m以下的低山丘陵河谷地带，适宜区主要分布在海拔在1500~2200 m山区，不适宜区主要分布在西部韭菜坪等海拔2200 m以上高山地区；气候变暖有利于毕节市烤烟生产。

Abstract: Analyzing the climate suitability for tobacco curing in Bijie is essential for ensuring the ongoing and stable growth of the tobacco curing industry. Using observational data from eight national stations and 98 multi-element automatic stations in Bijie City, this study analyzes the climate suitability characteristics for tobacco curing using a membership function model based on climate suitability evaluation. ArcGIS technology is employed to conduct the analysis and zoning of the climate suitability for tobacco curing in Bijie City. The result shows that the majority of Bijie City’s regions have temperatures that meet the growth requirements of tobacco curing at various stages of development. During the transplanting-to-budding phase and the vigorous growth period, the southern part of the city experiences excessive rainfall; during the maturity period, most parts of the city also have excessive rainfall. Throughout the field period, sunlight is abundant and relative humidity is generally suitable, except for the northeastern part of Dafang County, most of Nayang County, the western part of Zhijin County, and most of Hezhang County, where it is somewhat low. Overall, the climate conditions in Bijie City are suitable for tobacco curing. The most suitable areas are primarily distributed in the low mountain and hilly river valley zones below 1500 meters in altitude. Suitable areas are mainly located in mountainous regions with altitudes between 1500 and 2200 meters. Unsuitable regions are chiefly found in high mountain areas above 2200 meters in altitude, such as Jiucaiping in the west. Climate warming is beneficial to tobacco production in Bijie City.