慢性乙肝患者病耻感现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Stigma among Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

摘要: 目的：探讨慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者的病耻感状况及其影响因素。方法：2023年7月至2024年6月我院就诊的慢性乙肝患者120例，收集所有患者基本信息。采用SS患者病耻感水平，总结慢性乙肝患者病耻感现况；应用Logistic回归模型，分析慢性乙肝患者病耻感水平的影响因素。结果：此项研究收回有效问卷120份，他们在疾病羞耻度评分量表上的成绩跨度介于26至106分之间，平均得分71.16 ± 14.82分。经过对单一变量的研究发现，乙型肝炎患者的羞愧心理与其性别、年纪、教育水平、工作类型、婚姻状态、患病时间以及对疾病的处理方法存在显著性关联(P值小于0.05)。经由多变量线性回归考察得出，影响慢性乙型肝炎患者羞愧感受的关键变量包括年纪、教育水平、婚配情形及其应对策略，且统计学意义显著(P值小于0.05)。结论：乙型肝炎携带者普遍存在较强的疾病羞愧心理，此情绪状态与患者的年纪、教育水平、婚姻状况、得到的社交援助及应对策略紧密相关，针对此类情况，应实施有效的心理干预措施，降低乙型肝炎患者的羞病感，帮助其更顺利地融入社会。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the stigma of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and its influencing factors. Methods: There were 120 cases of chronic hepatitis B patients attending our hospital from July 2023 to June 2024, and the basic information of all patients was collected. SS patients’ level of stigma was used to summarize the current status of chronic hepatitis B patients’ stigma; Logistic regression model was applied to analyze the influencing factors of chronic hepatitis B patients’ level of stigma. Results: In this study, 120 valid questionnaires were returned and their scores on the Disease Shame Rating Scale spanned between 26 and 106 with a mean score of 71.16 ± 14.82. Upon examination of the single variables, it was found that there was a significant association (p-value less than 0.05) between the shame of patients with Hepatitis B and their gender, age, level of education, type of work, marital status, duration of illness, and their approach to the disease. A multivariate linear regression examination revealed that the key variables affecting the feelings of shame among chronic hepatitis B patients included age, level of education, marital status, and their coping strategies, and were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Hepatitis B carriers generally have strong disease shame, and this emotional state is closely related to the patient’s age, education level, marital status, social assistance received, and coping strategies. Effective psychological interventions should be implemented to address this situation, to reduce the disease shame of patients with hepatitis B, and to help them integrate into the community more smoothly.